The article discusses economic development of Slovak agriculture in the period after the accession of Slovakia to the EU and after adopting the CAP. It evaluates agriculture as a whole and its contribution to the national economy, as well as the economic performance of the individual legal forms of business and production sectors. The results achieved by agriculture in 2004–2007 suggest that the income within the sector (except of 2005) has improved also due to the inflow of the EU subsidies. On the other hand, despite the growing aid the production output is shrinking, wages stagnate and the employment is falling. This suggests that the CAP should be changed after 2013, especially as regards the ways of subsidy payments. Economics of the individual products are largely affected by input prices, realisation prices, as well as by the volume of direct subsidies, namely in the plant production – the subsidies for crops grown on arable land, and in animal production – the subsidies per 1 Big Cattle Unit.

The article brings out the findings about economic efficiency of agriculture and its commodity sectors after the accession of Slovakia into the EU. The adoption of the CAP had a positive impact on the growth of the off-market and total income but at the same time, its production efficiency decreased and the production structure has changed. Less efficient sectors of the crop and livestock production declined. Regarding the aspect of financing of the agricultural sector, the European resources, mainly the direct payments, were determined. The total subsidies into agriculture increased in comparison with the pre-accession period. The volume of direct payments including the complementary national direct payments reached the maximum level in 2007, 2008 and 2009.

Abstract:The article deals with the comparison and evaluation of the development of economic indicators, such as the costs, yields, economic result and profitability in the Czech and Slovak Republics for the period of years 1997-2000. The economic indicators are evaluated and compared on the basis of sample survey results of the RIAFE Bratislava and RIAE (Research Institute of Agricultural Economics) Prague. The first part contains the evaluation and comparison of the costs, yields and the economic results for agricultural production and its branches recalculated per 1 ha of agricultural land (a. l.). The second part contains the evaluation and comparison of the production intensity indicators (per hectare yields, utility), costs per 1 ha, 100 feeding days and per unit, and agricultural production realization prices. Based on these indicators, cost profitability of the selected plant and animal products is quantified. Key words: comparison, costs, yields, economic result, profit, profitabilityAbstrakt: Príspevok sa zaoberá komparáciou a hodnotením vývoja ekonomických ukazovate¾ov, ako sú náklady, výnosy, hospodársky výsledok, rentabilita v SR a ÈR za obdobie rokov 19972000. Ekonomické ukazovatele hodnotí a komparuje na základe výsledkov výberových etrení VÚEPP Bratislava a VÚZE Praha. V prvej èasti sa hodnotia a komparujú nákla-dy, výnosy a hospodársky výsledok za po¾nohospodársku výrobu a jej odvetvia, v prepoète na 1 ha po¾nohospodárskej pôdy, v druhej èasti ukazovatele intenzity výroby (ha úrody, úitkovosti), náklady na ha, 100 kàmnych dní a jednotku, realizaèné ceny po¾nohospodárskej produkcie a na ich základe sa kvantifikuje nákladová rentabilita vybraných rastlinných a ivoèínych výrobkov.