Local, ancient grape cultivars of different cultivation regions are important part of grapevine genetic resources. Dagestan is one of the oldest regions of viticulture in the Russian Federation. Some Dagestan aboriginal grape varieties are cultivated on an industrial scale, while others are found in single numbers. The study of the native gene pool is given special attention in all grapes producing countries of the world. Currently, the most informative method of plant genotypes analysis is the study at the DNA level. The main features of the leaves of grape varieties are a key ampelographical characteristic. We studied cultivars Agadai, Alyi terskyi, Bor kara, Buday shuli, Gok ala, Gok izyum, Mahbor cibil, Yai izyum beliy, Yai izyum rozovyi by using these approaches. DNA profiles of 9 local Dagestan grape cultivars were obtained on microsatellite loci VVMD5, VVMD7, VVMD27, VVS2, VrZAG62 and VrZAG79 using an automated genetic analyzer ABI Prism 3130. The SSR-markers are recommended as the main for Vitis vinifera L. genotyping. The cultivars analyzed have different sets of allele combination by the loci studied. Evaluation of the genetic similarity of cultivars according to the results of microsatellite analysis showed that the genotypes of Mahbоr cibil and Aliy terskiy are closer to the Western European gene pool of V. vini fera L. than any other native varieties in the sample studied. In addition, the grapevine cultivars studied were described for the main features of the formed leaves according to the method of the international organization of vine and wine. The similarity of cultivars Gok Ala and Agadai was shown by the results of analysis of the leaves characteristics and according to SSR-profiling.Key words: native grape cultivars; Vitis vinifera L.; SSR-markers; genotyping.Местные, стародавние сорта различных регионов возделывания винограда -важная часть мирового генофонда культуры. Даге-стан -один из древнейших регионов виноградарства в Россий-ской Федерации. Некоторые дагестанские аборигенные сорта винограда возделываются в промышленном масштабе, другие же обнаруживаются в единичных экземплярах. Изучению абори-генного генофонда уделяется особое внимание во всех странах, производящих виноград. В настоящее время наиболее информа-тивным методом анализа генотипов растений являются исследо-вания на уровне ДНК. Основные характеристики листьев сортов винограда -важнейший ампелографический признак. Сорта Агадаи, Алый терский, Бор кара, Будай шули, Гок ала, Гок изюм, Махбор цибил, Яй изюм белый, Яй изюм розовый изучены нами с применением данных подходов. В результате исследования получены ДНК-профили девяти аборигенных дагестанских сортов винограда по микросателлитным локусам VVMD5, VVMD7, VVMD27, VVS2, VrZAG62 и VrZAG79 с использованием автоматического гене-тического анализатора ABI Prism 3130. Указанные SSR-маркеры рекомендованы союзом генетиков винограда как основные для ге-нотипирования Vitis vinifera L. Изученные генотипы обладают раз-личными комбинациями аллелей проанализированных локу сов. Оценка генетиче...

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Native, ancient grape varieties of different cultivation regions are important part of grapevine genetic resources. Many native Don grape varieties represent a significant value for cultivation and use in breeding. The close varieties and more distant groups are distinguished on the main characteristics among the varieties of Don. The main features of the leaves of grape varieties are the key ampelographical characteristics. Currently, the study at the DNA level is considered the most informative method of plant genotyping analysis. Microsatellite markers are widely used for genotyping of grapevine varieties and rootstocks, and successfully applied in the study of the origin of varieties and the analysis of their pedigrees. We evaluated the relationship among the number of Don varieties by microsatellite genotyping. The aim was to study the genetic similarity of native Don varieties based on DNA analysis and compare the results with earlier made conclusions about relationship of varieties, and with data of the analysis of the main features of the leaves. The research was carried out on 16 varieties from the collection of the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Viticulture and Winemaking (Novocherkassk) and the Russian ampelographic collection (Anapa). Studied Don grapevine varieties were described ampelographically, and the main method we used in the work was the PCR. Six SSR-markers basicly recommended for V. vinifera fingerprinting were used. DNA was extracted from young leaves of the apical shoots of 4-5 typical bushes. Chardonnay and Cabernet Sauvignon were used as the reference cultivars. Genetic distance matrix was constructed using the coefficients (indices) similarity of M. Nei and W. Li. Based on the data of SSR-genotyping, estimation of the genetic similarity of studied varieties was performed using cluster analysis (UPGMA), and dendrograms were graphically constructed. Data on the morphological characteristics of leaves and SSR-genotyping results were analyzed by means of principal coordinates (PCA). DNA profiles of 16 local Don grapevine varieties were obtained using microsatellite loci VVMD5, VVMD7, VVMD27, VVS2, VrZAG62 and VrZAG79 with an automated genetic analyzer ABI Prism3130 («Applied Biosystems», USA). In the studied Don varieties genotypes, six (for VVS2, VVMD5, VMD7, VrZAG62) and seven (for VVMD27, VrZAG79) alleles per locus were determined. Cluster analysis allowed to divide the varieties into two main groups: one included Sibir'kovyi, Puhlyakovskii belyi, Sivolistnyi, Puhlyakovskii chernyi, Kosorotovskii and Kukanovskii cultivar, being a group of natural seedlings of Puhlyakovskii belyi, the other contained Bezymyannyi Donskoi, Plechistik oboepolyi, Staryi Goryun, Tsimlyanskii belyi, Tsimlyanskii chernyi, Tsimladar, Plechistik, Sypun chernyi, Mahrovatchik and Bessergenevskii ¹ 7 cultivars. Interestingly, the second cluster had three subgroups. One includes varieties Bezymyannyi Donskoi, Plechistik oboepolyi, Tsimlyanskii belyi, Tsimlyanskii chernyi, Tsimladar, Plechistik, Sypun ch...

История виноградарства на Дону насчитывает несколько веков, местные сорта винограда многообразны и специфичны. Микросателлитные маркеры широко используются для генотипирования сортов и подвоев винограда, при изучении происхождения сортов и анализе их родословной. Целью исследования было изучение выборки редких и малораспространенных автохтонных донских сортов и сравнение их с другими аборигенными донскими генотипами на основе данных ДНК-анализа. В исследования включены 23 стародавних донских сорта. Генотипирование проводили методом микросателлитного профилирования. В исследовании использовали микросателлитные маркеры (SSR), рекомендованные в качестве основного минимального набора для ДНК-паспортизации сортов вида Vitis vinifera L.: VVMD5, VVMD7, VVMD27, VVS2, VrZAG62 и VrZAG79. По результатам проведенного анализа все изученные образцы показали сорт-специфическую комбинацию аллелей в идентифицированных ДНК-профилях. Количество выявленных аллелей составило в среднем 8 аллелей/локус. Наибольший полиморфизм в исследовании этой группы донских сортов был обнаружен в локусе VVMD5: идентифицировано 10 аллелей на локус, наименьшее - в локусе VrZAG62: 6 аллелей/локус. Основываясь на данных SSR-анализа, степень генетического сходства сортов оценивали с использованием метода UPGMA. Кластерный анализ матрицы генетических дистанций, созданный на основе выявленных значений аллелей в шести микросателлитных локусах исследуемых сортов, определил несколько групп генотипов. Сорт Красностоп золотовский выделился в отдельную ветвь, что указывает на различия между этим генотипом и другими сортами исследуемой выборки. Наивысший уровень генетического сходства наблюдался между следующими парами сортов: Крестовский и Бургундский, Шилохвостый и Мушкетный, Кумшацкий черный и Ефремовский.The history of viticulture on the Don goes back several centuries. Local grapevine varieties are diverse and peculiar. Microsatellite markers are widely used in genotyping grapevine cultivars and rootstocks, in grapevine origin and breeding background analysis. Our study aimed to examine samples of rare and less common autochthonous Don varieties, and compare them with the other aboriginal Don genotypes using DNA data. The study involved 23 traditional Don varieties. The genotyping was done by microsatellite profiling. The study used microsatellite (SSR) markers recommended as the basic minimum set for DNA-certification of the genotypes of Vitis vinifera L.: VVMD5, VVMD7, VVMD27, VVS2, VrZAG62 and VrZAG79. Based on the findings, all the studied samples demonstrated variety-specific combination of alleles in the identified DNA profiles. The number of detected alleles on average was 8 alleles/locus. The greatest polymorphism in the studied group of Don varieties was detected in VVMD5 locus: 10 alleles per locus were identified, the smallest in VrZAG62 locus: 6 alleles/locus. UPGMA method was used to assess the extent of genetic similarity of the varieties based on SSR-genotyping data. Based on determined allele values of the studied varieties, cluster analysis of the genetic distances matrix determined several groups of genotypes. ‘Krasnostop zolotovskiy’ variety stood out as a separate branch, which indicates the difference between this genotype and the other varieties of the studied sampling. The highest level of genetic similarity was observed between the following pairs of varieties: ‘Krestovskiy’ and ‘Burgundskiy’, ‘Shilohvostyi’ and ‘Mushketnyi’, ‘Kumshatskiy chornyi’ and ‘Efremovskiy’.

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