The traditional medical methods, especially the use of medicinal plants still play a major role in the developing countries. The history of the use of herbal medicine may be as old as the history of mankind. Many of the herbs and spices used by humans as food which yields useful medicinal compounds. Annona muricata L. leaves are traditionally used to treat diabetes. People have been consuming raw leaves of Annona muricata L. to control blood glucose levels. The acetone, methanol, hot water and successive water leaf extracts of Annona muricata L. were subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening of various plant constituents. The antioxidant potential of the Annona muricata L. leaves was established by total flavonoid content, FRAP assay, ABTS assay, Metal chelating activity, Phosphomolybdenum assay, Assay of superoxide radical scavenging activity, Free radical scavenging activity on DPPH along with the determination of total phenolic and tannin contents in the Annona muricata L. leaves extracts. This study aim is to evaluate bioactive constituents and invitro antioxidant activity of acetone, methanol, hot water and successive water extracts of Annona muricata L. leaf. Preliminary analysis revealed that all the four extracts responded positively for alkaloid, flavonoid, carbohydrate, glycosides, saponins, tannin, phytosterol and phenolics. The present study explored that Annona muricata L. shows efficient antioxidant activity and could act as safe and cost-effective with potential biological applications.

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Mushrooms are used for a variety of biotechnological applications, particularly for the production of food, enzymes, dietary supplements, pharmaceutical compounds, feed supplements. Basidiomycetes mushroom fungi have been known for their nutritional values they can be considered as functional foods which can provide health benefits beyond the traditional nutrients. Mushroom represents a major and untapped source of potent new pharmaceutical products. A wide range of activities including antitumour, cardiovascular and antimicrobial are reported in mushrooms. In developing countries like India mushroom progress is a boon in the field of food, medicine, and in generating employment. The alternative systems of medicine utilize the curative properties of mushrooms. They are also known to possess promising antioxidative, cardiovascular, hypercholesterolemia, antimicrobial, hepato-protective and anticancer effects. The present study aimed to evaluate antimicrobial and antihaemolytic activities of various extracts of Basidiomycetes mushroom fungi. Different Basidiomycetes mushroom fungi extracts (Hot water, Acetone and Hexane) were tested for antimicrobial and antihaemolytic activities. Among these different extracts of Basidiomycetes mushroom fungi the hexane extract of Pleurotus pulmonarius showed potential antimicrobial and antihaemolytic activity. The results of this study suggest the possibility of using Basidiomycetes mushroom fungi as natural sources for the pharmaceutical industry and could act as safe and cost-effective with potential biological activities. These findings encourage studying these fungal strains further for their potential biological applications.

Background: Research in the past decade has improved our understanding of the regenerative capacity of MSC. Fetal MSC's which are known to be exhibiting immunosuppressive properties can be advantageous for allogeneic transplantation as well. Today across the globe there are many deadly diseases spreading rage over, myocardial disorders are one of them. Major loss of native functional cardiomyocytes which are able to regenerate damaged necrotic tissue to compensate for cardiac dysfunction; leads to myocardial disorders. Transplantation of cardiac progenitors which will ultimately replace damaged or lost cardiomyocytes as an intervention has shown promising development as a therapeutic modality. Besides it is proved that the paracrine release of bioactive molecules by MSC's contribute to improved heart function via pro-survival effects on host cardiomyocytes initiating an angiogenic response in the infracted myocardium. Materials and methods: We tested whether MSCs isolated from three fetal tissue sources such as Amniotic membrane, Wharton's jelly, and Villous Chorion can be coaxed in-vitro into mesodermal and cardiomyogenic lineages and, angiogenesis with the exposure to 5'Azacytidine and, confirmed with the expression of cardiac transcription factor markers such as CSM1, Cardiac Troponin (cTnT) of these differentiated cells. Results: Based on these studies, we have proved that all different fetal sources were capable of differentiating into cardiac progenitors MSC's and angiogenesis capacity. Conclusion: Our data suggest MSC's pooled fetal source is a rich and noncontroversial source, which can be differentiated into cardiac progenitors expressing cells.

Considering the industrial interest of poly-b-hydroxy butyrate (PHB) and its high production cost, work has been undertaken for the production of PHB by Alcaligenes latus (2311). Different industrial wastes (sesame, molasses, sago and paper waste) were used as a cheap substrate to minimize the production of cost and nitrogen limited minimal agar synthetic medium was also used for comparison. Accumulation of PHB granules in the organism was analyzed by sudan black method. The PHB production in various industrial waste based medium and nitrogen limited minimal agar synthetic medium was studied by crotonic acid method. The pure form of PHB was collected and qualitatively analyzed by infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance methods. Highest PHB production was found in nitrogen limited minimal agar synthetic medium. Among the various industrial wastes based media, highest yield was obtained with sesame oil waste as carbon source KeywordsPoly-β-hydroxy butyrate, PHB, Alcaligenes latus MTCC 2311, CCD, bacterial polyesters.