The development of organic agriculture has been promoted worldwide to improve the nutritional health of families, and Ecuador is no exception. The aim of this research was to identify the behaviour and attitudes of consumers toward the commercialization of organic products in the city of Riobamba. This will help us to understand in what situations the consumers access these foods, the producer position in relation to the market, and to know their attitude towards these products. The study used a quantitative approach, and is descriptive, incorporating the deductive method and a non-experimental design. The techniques used were a survey as a source of data collection, with a sample including 195 consumers. Linear regression was applied to test the hypotheses; this made it possible to identify those demographic and cultural factors that determine, to a lesser extent, consumer purchase behaviour in regard to organic products. The study determined that motivation, emotions, and feelings are significantly related to the consumer’s attitude and purchase of organic products.

La política tributaria cobra especial relevancia en el crecimiento económico de los países. En 1997 en Ecuador nace el Servicio de Rentas Internas (SRI) basado en principios de justicia y equidad, como respuesta a la alta evasión tributaria, alimentada por la ausencia de una cultura tributaria. La presente investigación pretende determinar la incidencia de las políticas tributarias en el crecimiento económico de Ecuador en el periodo 2000-2015. Contempla datos de serie de tiempo de recaudación tributaria a partir del 2000, año en que toma mayor relevancia las políticas tributarias. El análisis se realiza a través de la aplicación de un modelo econométrico de regresión lineal. Los resultados establecen una correlación significativa entre las políticastributarias y el crecimiento económico de Ecuador. Palabras clave: políticas tributarias, ingresos, rentas, crecimiento económicoe Ecuador.

Responsible marketing (RM) helps companies make products that improve people’s lives and is in line with public policies that provide a positive impact on society; an example of this is traffic light nutritional labelling (TLNL). Ecuador was a pioneer in Latin America in the mandatory implementation of TLNL. For this reason, this research aimed to analyze RM in the TLNL of food products from the perception of consumers in the urban area of Cuenca, Ecuador. Specifically, the research aimed to answer: What is the degree of consumer understanding of TLNL in the urban area of Cuenca, Ecuador? A cross-sectional investigation was undertaken, with 384 surveys conducted. A chi-square test (χ2) was performed, which showed the relationship between variables reflecting RM knowledge and the understanding and use of TLNL. An ordinal logit model (OLM) was applied, showing that the variables of education, knowledge of labeling, and knowledge of marketing were associated with a greater probability of having some level of understanding of TLNL. Finally, a binomial logit model (BLM) revealed that the variables of income level, knowledge of TLNL, illnesses, confidence in TLNL, the influence of COVID-19 on eating habits, and knowledge of marketing were associated with people being more likely to use TLNL. RM is present in the TLNL through the clear and understandable dissemination of information.

El objetivo de este estudio descriptivo-retrospectivo fue determinar el costo en salud de los adultos mayores de 60 años en Ecuador desde la perspectiva del paciente. Se consideró una muestra de 5.235 adultos de un total de 1.716.002 adultos. El índice KMO (Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin) cualitativo fue 97,2 % y el cuantitativo fue 70 %. Los resultados muestran que el costo incluyó consulta médica, hospitalización, pruebas de laboratorio y medicación. El costo promedio total fue de USD 1.833,96/mes y USD 22.007,54/año para el modelo-1 con hospitalización. Para el modelo-2 sin hospitalización, el costo total fue de USD 190,39/mes y USD 2.284,68/año. Se determinó una relación significativa entre costos y uso de servicios de salud en la atención pública y privada. Los costos de salud influyen en el empobrecimiento cuando los ancianos requieren hospitalización. Se concluye que el costo de la polifarmacia es significativamente alto, seguido de la hospitalización en relación con consultas médicas y pruebas de laboratorio.

In entrepreneurship, its various theories and elements gain importance in the academic community for the orientation in the professional and entrepreneurial training processes that are being carried out by higher education institutions HEIs. Therefore, this paper provides a systematic review of the published literature based on the determinants of entrepreneurial intention. To that end, an analysis was conducted using bibliometric and network indicators within the Scopus data source, which was restricted to objective search criteria. The main findings show that, since 1943, certain success factors such as: attitude, learning, behavior, economic growth, education, value creation, incubation resources, personality traits, and entrepreneurial intentions have been linked.   Received: 23 November 2022 / Accepted: 22 January 2023 / Published: 5 March 2023