Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of a biosimilar ranibizumab (Razumab) on outcomes of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) for the first time. Methods: This retrospective study included infants presenting with stage 3+ ROP either in zone 1 or zone 2 posterior or aggressive posterior ROP (APROP). All eligible infants received intravitreal razumab (0.25 mg/0.025 ml) monotherapy. Follow-up was continued monthly till complete retinal vascularization was achieved while retreatment with razumab was given when recurrent neovascularization was noted. In case of no recurrence but incomplete vascularization, laser photocoagulation was done to the residual avascular retina. Results: We included 118 eyes of 59 infants with a median gestational age of 30 weeks and median birth weight of 1250 grams. At presentation, APROP was found in 28 eyes (24%) of 14 babies while stage 3 disease was seen in zone 1 in another 28 eyes (24%) and the remaining 62 eyes (52%) had stage 3 ROP in zone 2 posterior region. Complete resolution of ROP along with complete vascularization was seen in 22 eyes (19%) at a median of 55 days (IQR = 31–56 days) and 42 eyes (35%) showed a recurrent neovascularization at a median of 51 days post razumab (IQR = 42–55 days). The cumulative incidence of recurrence of neovascularization (21%, 95% CI = 14%–29%) peaked at seven weeks and was significantly higher in eyes with APROP (43%, 95% CI = 27%–63%) compared to eyes without APROP (13.4%, 95%CI, 8%-22%) ( P < 0.001). Conclusion: Razumab appears to be safe and effective in treating ROP, with about a third requiring reinjection at seven weeks after the first dose.

Background: A study of various ocular & systemic risk factors in Retinal Vein Occulation (RVO) at tertiary eye care centre. Methods: A prospective study included 50 eyes of 50 patients, in period of September 2010 to August 2012. Inclusion criteria: 1. Age >25 years, 2. All newly diagnosed cases of vein occlusion. Exclusion criteria: 1. Age <25 years 2. All other ocular diseases causing significant visual impairment. A detailed history, ophthalmic & systemic examinations with all necessary investigations-as and when required were done. Results: In our study, RVOs were more common in males-26 (52%) & in 56-65 years of age group-16 (32%). BRVO (Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion)s were more common than CRVO (Central Retinal Vein Occlusion)-Nonischemic (26%) >Ischemic (24%). In risk factors-most common was hypertension-in 38 (76%) patients. Followed by descending order, hyperlipidemia 27 (54%) >diabetes mellitus 16 (32%) >tobacco 14 (28%) >hyper homocystinemia 4 (8%) >severe alcohol 2 (4%). The complications were more in ischemic than Nonischemic-CRVO >BRVO-they were macular edema 43 (86%) >neovascularization at iris-14 (28%) >neovascularization at angle-10 (20%) >neovascular glaucoma-4 (8%). Conclusion: RVOs are more common with increasing age, in males & most common risk factor is hypertensive. Most common cause for vision loss is macular edema-ischemic >non-ischemic.

PURPOSE: To study clinical characteristics of Retinoblastoma and analyze the occurrences of patient survival and globe salvation. METHODS: This is a prospective and non-randomized study involving retinoblastoma patients at a tertiary institute from May, 2017 to May, 2019. All patients underwent comprehensive medical assessment and illness management investigations. The given treatment was recorded, including focal therapy, enucleation and chemotherapy. RESULTS: Leukocoria was the foremost common presentation (60.68%) followed by proptosis (12.3%). The patient survival rate was 87.7% whereas globe salvation was at 23.2% (19 eyes). CONCLUSION: Most patients came for clinical examination for rst time at a later stage of disease, having high risk clinical features such as positive family history, hyphema, and large tumor volume. More awareness and early stage diagnosis are of prime importance in order to achieve globe salvation in retinoblastoma.