Dengue is present in 128 countries worldwide and is still expanding. There is currently no treatment or universally approved vaccine available. Therefore, prevention and control of mosquito vectors remain the most efficient ways of managing the risk of dengue outbreaks. The Stegomyia indices have been developed as quantitative indicators of the risk of dengue outbreaks. However, conflictual data are circulating about their reliability. We report in this article the first extensive study on Stegomyia indices, covering 78 locations of differing environmental and socioeconomic conditions, climate, and population density across Indonesia, from West Sumatra to Papua. A total of 65,876 mosquito larvae and pupae were collected for the study. A correlation was found between incidence and human population density. No correlation was found between the incidence of dengue and the Stegomyia indices.

Purworejo is the endemic area of ​​malaria with the highest case increase occurring in 2015 amounted to 1411 cases. Appropriate control can be performed effectively based on vector bionomics. The aims of study were to determine species, behavior, resistance, and control methods of malaria vectors. Methods were larva andmosquitoes collection, breeding place of mosquitoes surveys, resistance of mosquito and evaluation of the effectiveness of vector control. The research was conducted in Sendangsari Village, Bener District, Purworejo Regency The result of the research showed that An. barbirostris sucked blood indoor, outdoor, and cage. An. balabacensis sucked blood indoor and cage. An. maculatus, An. aconitus, An. kochi, An. Indifinitus, and An. fagus were found to suck blood in the cage. An. maculatus showed resistance to insecticide permetrin 0,75% Indoor Residual spraying (IRS) and the use of insecticide treated bed nets were the vector control perfomed in the area of study. The breeding place of mosquito were in hole around unused fields and pond. Based on bioassay test, the effectiveness of IRS application for one months were not effectively kill An. maculatus while the use of mosquito nets for three months were still effectively kill An. maculatus.

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Tembalang Subdistrict is still ranked as the first highest IR Dengue in Semarang City in 2014-2016. Incidence rate of dengue in Tembalang Sub District in 2016 was Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) IR 166.89/100,000 population with Case Fatality Rate (CFR) 1.02%. The Semarang City Government has implemented PERDA No.5 of 2010 concerning DHF control with the establishment of special larvae monitoring officers namely Semantik (Semarang Bebas Jentik) and Gasurkes (Health Surveillance Officer) to conduct routine larval monitoring and socialize PSN-3M Plus. However, dengue cases in Tembalang District continue to exist.The purpose of the study was to identify behavioral factors related to monitoring larva presence in Tembalang District, Semarang City. This study is based on the cross sectional method, with quota sampling was used to recruit 100 respondents. The criteria for the case were the latest DHF cases recorded in the Semarang City Health Office Data (January to September 2017). Samples were taken in quota with 100 respondents. Data were analyzed by analytic descriptive using chi-square analysis and odds ratio. The results showed behavioral factors to monitor larvae routinely related to the results of larvae examination (p <0,05) with risk factors OR = 5,02 and form observations obtained ABJ in Tembalang District by 89% in 2017. This needs additional attention in the larva monitoring procedure by Semantics and Gasurkes. The more complete the quality of the larvae examination, the existence of larvae can be eradicated, so that the incidence of DHF can be prevented