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DLCO can be useful in the detection of pulmonary vascular abnormality of CLD. The MELD score may be a better criterion than the CPT score in assessing intrapulmonary vascular damage of CLD patients.

Epidemiological studies of malignant primary conjunctival tumors are rare. We extracted data pertaining to primary site-labeled conjunctival cancer patients present within the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database from 1992 to 2001 and from 2002 to 2011. The Kaplan-Meier approach was used for comparisons of overall survival (OS) between patients, while OS-related risk factors were identified via a Cox proportional hazards regression approach. We then constructed a nomogram that could be used to predict the 3- and 5-year OS, with the accuracy of this predictive model based on receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. We observed a significant reduction in age-adjusted incidence of conjunctival cancer in the 50-69-year-old age group of the 2002-2011 cohort relative to the 1992-2001 cohort (APC, P<0.05). There were no significant differences in OS between the 1992-2001 and 2002-2011 conjunctival cancer patient cohorts. Being ≥30 years old (P<0.05), male (P<0.001), single (P<0.05), divorced (P<0.001), or widowed (P<0.001) were all associated with an increased OS-related risk of primary conjunctival cancer (1992-2011). Our nomogram was able to accurately predict 3- and 5-year OS in conjunctival cancer patients. In verification mode, the 3-year area under the curve (AUC) was 0.697 and the 5-year AUC was 0.752. We found that age, sex, and marital status were all associated with primary conjunctival cancer survival. Our results further suggest that conjunctival cancer incidence and survival rates have been relatively stable over the last two decades, and using these data, we were able to generate a satisfactory risk prediction model for this disease.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the respiratory function and pulmonary hemodynamics in patients with portal hypertension (PHT). METHODS:A total of 148 patients with PHT were divided into three groups according to Child-Pugh classification. Results of blood biochemistry test, lung function test, arterial blood gas analysis, free portal pressure (FPP) and pulmonary hemodynamics measurements of the three Child-Pugh grade groups were compared with those of the control group. RESULTS:The overall incidence of arterial hypoxemia was 27.0% in PHT patients. Arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) had a significant negative correlation with FPP (r = -0.76, P < 0.01) and Child-Pugh grade (r = -0.42, P < 0.01), as well as a positive correlation with systemic vascular resistance (SVR, r = 0.24, P = 0.01). Alveolar-arterial oxygen difference (A-aDO2) increased in Child-Pugh grade C group when compared with Child-Pugh grade A and B groups (P < 0.05). Restrictive impairment of lung function was seen in Child-Pugh grade C group. Direct measurement of the hemodynamics in PHT patients revealed a hyperdynamic disturbance in both systemic and portal venous systems, and was illustrated in pulmonary circulation as an increase of mean pulmonary arterial pressure (MPAP) and pulmonary arterial wedged pressure (PAWP) as well as a decrease of pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR). CONCLUSIONS:High output and low resistance are the key characteristics of pulmonary circulation in PHT patients and the decrease of PVR can be detected even when liver function is still compensated.