No abstract

The content of the paper was determined by the problem of active teaching forms at English classes at the Pedagogical Universities. The modern educational environment should form an holistic system of universal knowledge, skills, as well as the experience of independent activity and personal responsibility of students.The aim of the article is to determine the effectiveness of active forms of teaching Ukrainian future teachers at English classes.Modern effective forms of teaching are based on the independent educational activities of participants. Active forms of teaching provide a solution of educational problems in various aspects: the formation of positive educational motivation; increasing cognitive activity of students; active involvement of students in the educational process; development of cognitive processes; effective assimilation of educational information; development of creative abilities and thinking; development of the communicative and emotional sphere and development of independent mental work skills and universal skills.The research was conducted on the basics of the South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K.D. Ushynsky (2018)(2019).An analysis of these researchers and advanced pedagogical experience shows that the most characteristic direction of increasing the university education effectiveness is the creation of psychological and pedagogical conditions in which a student can take an active personal position and educational activity.The results of the implementation of the system of using active teaching forms can be considered: systematization of program material by the criterion of the possibility of using active forms and a holistic system of exercises of active forms.

One of the main objective factors affecting the sphere of leisure is the social policy of the state, the purpose of which is to create appropriate conditions for the life of the individual. In Ukraine, in the context of the implementation of social policy, there are a number of unresolved problems. This concerns, first of all, overcoming the «residual principle» attitude to solving the problems of leisure and culture in General; changing the attitude to the formation of the cultural situation to master the world’s cultural achievements; the discrepancy between the activities of cultural institutions and modern requirements, the lack of a certain standard ґarantovanih state free cultural services; lack of medium and long-term state policy on cultural development; lack of training in the sociocultural sphere in the new economic conditions; lack of a clear program of support for cultural industries; lack of a single information cultural space and a network of partnerships at the vertical and horizontal levels; the practical absence of Ukraine as a state in the European and world cultural space, in the system of European cultural projects. The main purpose of the article is to reveal the importance of the organization of meaningful leisure of students of higher educational institutions in order to meet and realize their interests and needs, disclosure of creative potential, social education and activation of social and social activities. The sphere of leisure in higher educational institutions of Ukraine will perform functions of development and formation of the personality of the young person only on condition of compliance of the organization of activity at leisure to their interests and needs. This is possible because of the cooperation of these associations with government agencies and institutions that are not only designed to solve certain problems of young people, but also to provide appropriate financial and material support. Students should become a subject of leisure activities, an active participant, not a passive consumer, and this will enable the development of new innovative forms of leisure activities, which will take into account all, both collective and individual interests and needs of students.

The paper is focused on the study of linguistic means of rendering lingual and cultural realia conveyed by allusions in English political speeches and their Ukrainian translation. It is argued that allusions are among those linguistic means which not only provide the factual information, but also carry nationallymarked load. The authors maintain that despite the presence of some fundamental studies devoted to structural and semantic aspects of allusions, the ways of preserving and reflecting certain lingual and cultural information in the Ukrainian translations of English texts, the issue of rendering this information conveyed by allusions in the texts of English (American) political speeches has not been sufficiently investigated. Thus, the aforementioned justifies the urgent character of the given research. The work aimed at determining the tactics and linguistic means of representing lingual and cultural realia in the texts of English inaugural speeches and their Ukrainian translations. The conducted study revealed that allusions in the analyzed texts render lingual and cultural information alluding to both textual and non-textual referents. The textual referents are represented by one’s own previous speeches, speeches of other politicians, biblical texts, folklore works, texts of state documents etc.; non-textual referents are the names of historical events, historical buildings, geographical features etc. The difficulty in preserving the lingual and cultural information in the translation can be justified by several factors, such as difficulties with identifying allusions in the text in case of non-nominated allusions as well as selection of the appropriate tactics of translation. The analysis proved that the linguistic and cultural information contained in allusions is mostly preserved in Ukrainian translations of the corresponding English-language texts of political speeches. Herewith, the kind of translation tactics and techniques depend on the type of the allusion — direct allusions are most commonly translated with the employment of transcription, transliteration, translation loans; indirect allusions — by means of contextual substitution, transposition, extension and omission.

The global education system is conceived as a system that does not contradict any existing education systems in the United States, Europe, Ukraine, etc.; it has no intersections with them. The global education system is a global non-governmental system. It does not enter into any conflicts with educational associations. The global education system focuses primarily on attracting to its orbit prominent figures in the world in the field of science, education, culture, art.