The use of inorganic fertilizers and pesticides can change the agroecosystem gradually. These changes may result in a decrease in the diversity of soil organisms. These organisms are very important in the decomposition process of reforming the organic matter into compounds that are readily absorbed by plants. Other changes include a change in the soil structure which will affect the soil chemical and physical characteristic and ultimately affect the soil productivity leading to a decreased agricultural product. The return of the remains from harvest, litter and crop residues from coffee and cocoa crops to the soil will provide energy for soil organisms and it will help maintain the soil environment that supports the life of other organisms. This research aimed at identifying the composition and diversity of mesofauna formed by the composted organic matter in cocoa and coffee plantations. Soil sampling was conducted on coffee and cocoa plantations in the Onelako village of Ndona District. Soil sampling was conducted in September 2010. Soil sampling used Neuman method of 0-15 cm and 16-30 cm depth. Each soil sample was taken to the laboratory. The separation of mesofauna from soil used Berlese-tullgran method that had been modified for 4 days. The separated Meso fauna was identified under the light microscope. The result of this research showed that the highest composition of mesofauna decomposer of organic matter in cocoa and coffee vegetation is Collembola. Collembola is very tolerant to acidic soil condition and they are dominant in the soil and surface habitats that contain lots of litter. Collembola is microarthropods that have large distribution both in quantity and diversity. The highest diversity of mesofauna on coffee vegetation is 1.525 and on cocoa, vegetation is 1.273. It was also noted that at a depth of 0-15 cm there was a higher concentration of mesofauna in the coffee vegetation area, which was about 7.3960, while in the cocoa vegetation there where 3.6376. The high level of the diversity index caused an increase in decomposition and therefore better soil fertility.

This research aims at revealing the effect of yam extract against Spodoptera litura pest, and some optimum concentration of yam tuber extract which causes the highest mortality of grayak caterpillar pest. The design used in this experiment is Complete Randomized Block Design (CRBD) with treatment used is KO (distilled water), K1, K2, K3, K4. The observation variables in this research are contact poison, a nerve poison, stomach poison, and repellent. The result indicates that yam extract causes mortality in contact poison amounted to 30%, nerve poison amounted to 30%, stomach poison amounted to 30%, and repellent amounted to 23.85%.

<p>Masyarakat di Desa Wolofeo Kecamatan Detusoko Kabupaten Ende menghadapi beberapa masalah pada proses budidaya tanaman, pemanfaatan BumDes dan pemasaran hasil pertanian. Tujuan dari pengabdian ini adalah untuk memberdayakan masyarakat serta sebagai salah satu mata kuliah wajib yang harus ditempuh di Universitas Flores. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan selama satu bulan, melibatkan mahasiswa dari Fakultas Pertanian dan Ekonomi  sebanyak 20 orang . Metode yang dipakai yaitu penyuluhan dan pelatihan. Penyuluhan yang dilakukan yaitu tentang pola tanam, pupuk anorganik dan organik, hama dan penyakit tanaman, pengendalian hama dan penyakit secara terpadu, Bumdes dan pemasaran hasil pertanian. Sedangkan pelatihan yang dilakukan yaitu pembuatan pupuk organik, pestisida nabati, Mikro Organisme Lokal, perangkap hama lalat buah untuk tanaman cabai serta perangkap kuning untuk pengendalian hama kutu kebul. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan masyarakat sebesar 23,18% dan keterampilan 27,46 %.</p>

This study was conducted to obtain population data and damage due to the attack of <em>Phenacoccus</em><em> manihoti </em>Cassava mealybug pest on cassava plantations on Flores Island. This research was carried out in Ende Regency, Sikka Regency and Nagekeo Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province (NTT). The research was conducted in October 2017. Method used in this research was descriptive method with direct observation and sampling. Cassava plants that were observed included plants that grew as fences, yard plants and those in farmers’ gardens with an area of ± 0.5 ha. The variables observed included population abundance and crop damage intensity in all locations of cassava plantations. The average population of <em>Phenacoccus</em><em> manihoti</em> in each regencyis 131.12 individuals plant^-1 in Sikka Regency, 36.95 individuals plant^-1 in Nagekeo Regency and 6.4 individuals plant^-1 in Ende Regency. <em>Phenacoccus</em><em> manihoti</em> pest attack intensity in each observation location in the three Regencieson Flores Island is mild to moderate, namely 43.3% in Sikka Regency; 20% in Ende Regency and 22% in Nagekeo Regency. Damage intensity is influenced by cassava mealybug population 15% and other factors 85%.

This research was carried out in order to understand the main types of pests and diseases that affect corn, which types are most dominant and to understand the severity of these main diseases in corn. Observation of variables involved the identification of pests and diseases that attacked corn plants, the diversity of these pests and diseases as well as the intensity of the damage caused by these pests and diseases. The results of this research showed that the main type of pest and disease that attacks corn are, among others: seedling flies (Atherigonasp), grasshoppers (Oxyasp), corn stalk drillers (Ostrineafurnacalis) and leaf rust.  The most dominant type of pest or disease were grasshoppers (Oxyasp) which attacked plant leaves.  The seriousness of an attack by a pest or disease was found to be important in the seedling phase, there are many variations in between species of corn and also developed with the age of the corn.  At 12 days after planting, the incidence of insect attack was0.2% and at 33 days and 54 days after planting it was 0.32-0.47%. Whereas for disease, when observed at 33 and 54 days after planting, the average incidence of disease attack was 0.05-0.23%.  Also, when observed at 61 days and 75 days, the incidence of attack rose to 0.32-40%.