ObjectiveTeam-based learning (TBL) is an increasingly popular teaching method in medical education. However, TBL hasn’t been well-studied in the ophthalmology clerkship context. This study was to examine the impact of modified TBL in such context and to assess the student evaluations of TBL.MethodsNinety-nine students of an 8-year clinical medicine program from Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, were randomly divided into four sequential units and assigned to six teams with the same faculty. The one-week ophthalmology clerkship module included traditional lectures, gross anatomy and a TBL module. The effects of the TBL module on student performance were measured by the Individual Readiness Assurance Test (IRAT), the Group Readiness Assurance Test (GRAT), the Group Application Problem (GAP) and final examination scores (FESs). Students’ evaluations of TBL were measured by a 16-item questionnaire. IRAT and GRAT scores were compared using a paired t-test. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and subgroup analysis compared the effects among quartiles that were stratified by the Basic Ophthalmology Levels (BOLs). The BOLs were evaluated before the ophthalmology clerkship.ResultsIn TBL classes, the GRAT scores were significantly higher than the IRAT scores in both the full example and the BOL-stratified groups. It highlighted the advantages of TBL compared to the individual learning. Quartile-stratified ANOVA comparisons showed significant differences at FES scores (P < 0.01). In terms to IRAT, GRAT and GAP scores, there was no significant result. Moreover, IRAT scores only significantly differed between the first and fourth groups. The FES scores of the first three groups are significantly higher than the fourth group. Gender-specific differences were significant in FES but not the IRAT. Overall, 57.65% of student respondents agreed that TBL was helpful. Male students tended to rate TBL higher than female students.ConclusionThe application of modified TBL to the ophthalmology clerkship curriculum improved students’ performance and increased students’ engagement and satisfaction. TBL should be further optimized and developed to enhance the educational outcomes among multi-BOLs medical students.

In this paper, a new type of heavy-duty magnetorheological fluid (MRF) mount is proposed and experimentally investigated. The MRF mount with both annular and radial channels are based on two operating modes: flow mode and squeeze mode. The combined paths can lengthen the MRF valve and hence maximize the MR effect in flow mode. A mechanical model is established to institutively predict the maximum damping force that the device can achieve. Magnetic field distribution of the MRF mount is then evaluated based on finite element analysis. Both squeeze and flow regions can obtain magnetic field intensities up to 0.742 T and 0.7 T under 1A current, respectively. Finally, the quasi-static and dynamic tests of MRF mount under different loading conditions (frequency, amplitude, current) are performed and the results showed that the proposed MRF mount can provide large damping force up to 18.843 kN and wide tunable range (719% increase on damping force at 0.1 Hz with 2mm amplitude).

In this work, we purposely synthesized stable europium ion modified black phosphorus quantum dots (Eu-BPQDs) by using a microwave irradiation technique, which can react with the organic amines exhibiting unique...

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In this work, we proposed an oxygen vacancy engineering strategy to boost chemiluminescence (CL) efficiency in europia clusters/black phosphorus quantum dots (Eu2O3/BPQDs), which could dramatically amplify ClO- CL emission through...