Background: The risk of death caused by non-communicable diseases is related to metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome not only occurs in adults

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Background: Biological, psychological and social changes make adolescents a vulnerable group and need special attention. Optimal nutritional status is indirectly influenced by good knowledge. Meanwhile, the regularity of the menstrual cycle is considered an important factor in reproductive health. Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between knowledge and nutritional status with the menstrual cycle of female adolescents.. Design: This analytic observational study used a cross-sectional design. Sampling using a simple non-random technique. Nutrition knowledge level data obtained from nutrition knowledge questionnaire with good and poor categories. Body mass index for age (BMI-for-age)) is used to categorize nutritional status. There are two categories for the menstrual cycle's characteristics: normal and abnormal. The menstrual cycle survey was created as a Google form and administered online. Results: Respondents in this study were 88 students of SMA Negeri 1 Kroya. The study found that 55% of respondents had poor nutritional knowledge. The majority of respondents' nutritional status in this study was good nutrition (66%). Research found as many as 9% of respondents are more nutritional status. Research has found that more than 70% of respondents have abnormal menstrual cycles. This study found no relationship between knowledge and the menstrual cycle in young women and there was no relationship between nutritional status and the menstrual cycle in young women. Conclusions: Nutritional knowledge and nutritional status are not statistically related to the menstrual cycle in young women at SMAN 1 Kroya. The majority of respondents have insufficient knowledge of nutrition, so it is important to promote balanced nutrition for young women to increase their knowledge of nutrition

Obesity incidence in children, especially primary school children, is increasing. This obesity can be caused by environmental factors: availability of food at home and the home environment or home environment such as the physical environment, exposure to screen time, mother knowledge, and maternal behaviour in providing feeding practices. This study aims to determine the difference between food availability and home environment for obese and non-obese children. The design of this research was case-control conducted with the subject of elementary school-age children in Yogyakarta city. The research was conducted in March-November 2017. Samples were chosen by the multistage sampling method. Subjects were grouped into children with obese nutritional status as a case (n=71) and children with normal nutritional status as control (n=71) based on the BFA index. The data were collected by anthropometric measurements, interviewing, and filling out Home Environment Survey questionnaires on children and their parents. Data analysis using Mann Whitney statistical test, Spearman test, McNemar test, and logistic regression. Food availability showed significant mean differences in case and control groups (p <0,05). Other environmental factors showed no significant differences, but in the case group, the mother's feeding scores were less healthy than the control group; the average duration of case group screen time was higher than 20 minutes than the control group; higher physical environmental support scores control group than case groups. In conclusion, food availability had significant mean differences in both groups.

Community health workers (CHWs) are in a unique position between society and the health system. Although CHWs are positioned as the front line team for the extension of government programs in the community, there are no best practices in implementing community-based programs. This study aims to provide descriptive recommendations for the best CHW involvement models in the implementation of health programs. This research is a study of a number of related literatures that emphasize the community approach. The success of the program relates to trained resources and good supervision. The performance and motivation of the CHWs are also not a separate part of the program's sustainability. Meanwhile, the CHW remuneration system is another factor. CHWs involved in public health services generally have a desire for self-development, a spirit of contribution to health improvement, better use of free time, and a belief that they will be rewarded by God. This research focuses on two important recommendations. First, it is necessary to develop a best practical model for community-based programs. Second, it is necessary to advocate for appreciation and support for the role of CHWs in the program's sustainability.