The article presents the concepts of verbal intelligence as one of the main elements of a person's cognitive abilities, as well as basic criteria for school readiness. The features of the theory of cognitive psychology, namely: the multiple intelligence of Howard Gardner, who identified eight basic types of intelligence (linguistic, interpersonal, existential, naturalistic, musical, bodily-kinaesthetic, visual-spatial, logicalmathematical), are highlighted. In a theoretical study, we have analysed the general meaning of the concept of intelligence from the point of view of cognitive psychology, and we specified it by outlining the main characteristics of multiple intelligence. We also conducted an analysis of the scientific works of specialists specializing in working with models of cognitive-speech activity and investigated the linguistic mind in preschool children. Not only a certain type of intellect is considered, but also all the others that were named by Gardner, their main aspects of influence on a personality are revealed, they appear even in preschool age. In the empirical part of the study, methods were used to diagnose the verbal level of intelligence of the basic element of cognitive abilities in preschool children. They are aimed at researching the ability to generalize and analyse verbal information, identifying the ability to classify objects according to common features, differentiate emotional states in the process of communication, and also establish the level of vocabulary of preschoolers. According to these indicators, 90 pre-schoolers were diagnosed, and their level of verbal intelligence was revealed. The paper identifies the main features, skills that a child possesses with a high average or low level of intelligence, correction methods, in order to improve low results.

The article reveals the problems of psychological support for children with intellectual disabilities in wartime. As children with intellectual disabilities are one of the most difficult categories of children with special educational needs due to their difficulties in communication, behavior, sensorimotor functioning, environmental orientation, social adaptation and socialization, they become the most vulnerable and need maximum assistance in crisis situations. The empirical research was carried out using the following methods: a conversation was conducted with parents / guardians of children with intellectual disabilities to determine the traumatic events that children experienced during the war, then used a questionnaire "General reactions of children after the war / war events" and the diagnosis of stress disorders in children was carried out with the help of Luscher's abbreviated method of color choices, as well as the projective drawing technique "What scary dreams I have  and what I am afraid of during the day". The study involved 26 parents (legal representatives) and 26 children aged 7 to 15 years with intellectual disabilities. Respondents included both local families and internally displaced persons. According to the results of the parents' survey, it was established that virtually all respondent children witnessed and participated in certain traumatic events related to hostilities in our country: children remained in shelters for a long time during air alarms and shelling, experienced severe hunger and cold. , felt the fear of their own death, etc. According to the parents, they noted in their children problems with memory, thinking, concentration, social services, frequent mood swings. In fact, the diagnosis of children with intellectual disabilities also revealed high levels of stress disorders and unfavorable emotional states. The article also offers recommendations and areas of psychological support and assistance to children with intellectual disabilities in wartime.

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The scientific article describes the peculiarities of the perception of student marriage partners of the concept of "love" as a romantic feeling. The aim of the article was to clarify the features of the modern understanding of the verbalized concept of "love" among student marriage partners. The methodology of researching the personal meaning of the concept of "love" was aimed at identifying their semantic spaces among 142 students who are in a marital relationship through a free direct associative experiment. As a result of the study of the associative field of "love" for five reactions for women and men, the peculiarities of the modern perception of married partners of the definition of "love" is the association with trust and care, care and tenderness. It was also found that the studied phenomenon is a category of intimate relationships aimed at satisfying sexual desire. Analysis of the data of a free associative experiment suggests that the idea of love in marital relations of students generally correlates with scientific ideas about these phenomena. Love is seen as "trust", "tenderness", "passion", "respect", "sex", "understanding", "hugs". These associations belong to the associative fields of various topics, including spiritual and moral, psychological, cultural and philosophical. The most common associations were also: faith, dreams, romance, beauty, motherhood, partnership, view, positive, value, strength, mutual need. Therefore, it allows us to conclude about the positive perception of the concept of "love". Students' daily understanding of the concept of "love" has an emotional and psychological color with a physical component.