Crateva adansonii constitue l’une des espèces prisées au sein de la population béninoise pour ses nombreuses vertus thérapeutiques et nutritionnelles. La présente étude intitulée a été initiée pour garantir et promouvoir une meilleure utilisation de Crateva adansonii dans le traitement des maladies. L’étude ethnomédicinale a été réalisée au moyen des interviews semi structuré auprès des herboristes et des consommateurs de Cotonou et de Dassa. Le screening phytochimique a été effectué par chromatographie sur couche mince (CCM) doublé du dosage spectrophotométrique des métabolites secondaires. Les méthodes FRAP et DPPH ont servi à la détermination du pouvoir antioxydant et la CI 50% a été calculée. Les enquêtés ethnomédicinales ont montré que Crateva adansonii s’utilise au Bénin aussi bien à des fins thérapeutiques, alimentaire que médico-magique. La forme galénique de ses organes les plus utilisées (tiges feuillées) est la décoction par voie orale. La phytochimie a révélé, en plus des principaux groupes phytochimiques (composés phénoliques, composés azotés, composés stéroïdes et terpénoïdes et mucilages), la présence des huiles essentielles, des lignanes et des pigments anthocyaniques. Dans la gamme de concentrations utilisées (0,23 – 30 µg.ml-1), le pouvoir antioxydant de l’extrait varie de 5 – 58% (méthode DPPH) et de 23,01 à 34,06mMolEAA/g (méthode FRAP). Quant au dosage des métabolites secondaires, l’extrait éthanolique de Crateva adansonii renferme respectivement 12,85 mg Eq Cat/100 mg de tannins totaux, 29,64 mg Eq Quer/100 mg de flavonoïdes totaux et 3,51 mg Eq ac. Galic/100 mg de phénoliques totaux. Mignanwandé et al., 2020 Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences (J.Anim.Plant Sci. ISSN 2071-7024) Vol.46 (1): 8071-8089 https://doi.org/10.35759/JAnmPlSci.v46-1.2 8072 ABSTRACT Crateva adansonii is one of the species prized by the Beninese population for its many therapeutic and nutritional benefits. This titled study was initiated to ensure and promote better use of Crateva adansonii in the treatment of diseases. The ethnomedicinal study was carried out through semi-structured interviews with herbalists and consumers in Cotonou and Dassa. The phytochemical screening was carried out by thin layer chromatography (TLC) coupled with the spectrophotometric assay of the secondary metabolites. The FRAP and DPPH methods were used to determine the antioxidant power and the IC 50% was calculated. Ethnomedicinal surveys have shown that Crateva adansonii is used in Benin for therapeutic, nutritional and medico-magical purposes. The dosage form of its most widely used organs (leafy stems) is the oral decoction. Phytochemistry revealed, in addition to the main phytochemical groups (phenolic compounds, nitrogen compounds, steroid and terpenoids compounds and mucilages), the presence of essential oils, lignans and anthocyanin pigments. In the range of concentrations used (0.23 - 30 µg.ml-1), the antioxidant power of the extract varies from 5 - 58% (DPPH method) and from 23.01 to 34.06 mMolEAA / g (FRAP method). As for the determination of secondary metabolites, the ethanolic extract of Crateva adansonii contains respectively 12.85 mg Eq Cat / 100 mg of total tannins, 29.64 mg Eq Quer / 100 mg of total flavonoids and 3.51 mg Eq ac. Galic / 100 mg total phenolics.

Heavy metals are dangerous pollutants for ecosystems, especially aquatic ecosystems, because of their concentration in certain living organisms and their presence in the food chain. This study aims to evaluate the bacteriological, metallic (Pb, Cd, As) and toxicological risks associated with houin logbo (toho lake) in the municipality of Lokossa. The results obtained concern everyone: Toho lake is contaminated by Escherichia coli and faecal enterococci, concerning the evaluation of the metallic contamination we have:

Objective: The present was initiated to study the antibacterial properties of the Crateva adansonii DC extract on germs commonly identified in skin and digestive infections in Benin as well as the reversion of resistance to these aforementioned germs. Method: The bacteria's sensitivity test to extracts was carried out by the microdilution method in liquid medium as well as the MIC and the reversion of bacterial resistance. For the determination of the MBC, this technique is used coupled with spreading on agar medium. Results: The results show an antibacterial activity of the extract with MICs between 0.625 -5 mg/ml. The CMB of Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 is 2.5 mg/ml while that of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis CIP 8039 is 5 mg/ml. The reversion of bacterial resistance has shown a synergy of action between our extract and conventional antibiotics.

Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) are a diverse group of bacterial, viral, parasitic and fungal diseases affecting people, most of whom live below the poverty threshold. Several control strategies are defined against these diseases, including chemotherapy and Water, Hygiene and Sanitation (WASH). This study assesses the effect of promoting hygiene and sanitation on soil-transmitted helminthiasis s and NTDs of the skin. It took place in the communes of Ze, Lalo, and Zangnanado, three municipalities located in the south of Benin. This is a formative research that took place in three phases. The first phase entailed a baseline informations and situational analysis of the state of hygiene and health, using soil-transmitted helminthiasis and wound hygiene practices as cases studies. In the second phase, interventions to promote improved hygiene and sanitation were implemented. The third phase was devoted to post-intervention evaluation. The situation analysis showed that the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminthiasis was 6.43 and 7.10% in the municipalities of Ze and Lalo, respectively. In the communes of Zangnanado, the most common wound management practices identified were: putting sand or ashes in the wounds to keep flies away, the use of medicinal plants and the application of powder from antibiotic capsules for wound dressing. The post-intervention evaluation showed a decrease in the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminthiasis from 6.43 to 1.19% in the municipality of Lalo and from 7.10 to 1.75% in the municipality of Ze. In the commune of Zangnanado, a significant shift in wound management practices was noted, which led to the healing of several chronic wounds. This research supports the evidence that WASH-based interventions are very important to tackle neglected tropical diseases NTDs in addition to specific diseases based interventions.

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