The article deals with the maintenance and removal of elements of mineral nutrition by winter triticale plants on gray forest soils of the southeastern part of the Volga-Vyatka zone, depending on the seeding rate and variety. The accumulation of elements of mineral nutrition is significantly influenced by the weather conditions formed during the growing season of winter triticale plants. Winter triticale is very intensively distributed on gray forest soils. In this connection, one of the main tasks is to introduce the most promising varieties into production, adaptive to the southeastern part of the Volga-Vyatka zone, which stably form a high yield with high quality of grain, depending on the seeding rate. Research results indicate that winter triticale is demanding on soil fertility. It consumes and alienates a large amount of nutrients from the soil with a good harvest. The removal of mineral nutrition elements also increases, respectively, with an increase in seeding rates.

The textbook contains theoretical aspects of hygiene education for children with intellectual disabilities, a program of hygiene education, as well as a methodology for evaluating its effectiveness. Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation. It is intended for students of pedagogical and psychological areas of training of teachers, doctors, specialists of special educational institutions, boarding schools for children with intellectual disabilities, parents raising children with disabilities.

Productive insemination of cows against the background of heat detection or synchronization of the estrous cycle within a relatively short time after the previous calving is the main factor that determines the productivity and profitability of dairy cattle breeding. Many obstetric and gynecological diseases often occur in the first 2 months of lactation. Postpartum obstetric and gynecological diseases of cows impair their reproductive qualities, which leads to prolonged anestrus, decreased fertility, and depletion of the body. Inflammatory processes of the female reproductive organs are accompanied by enhanced stress. The research aims to prevent diseases of the postpartum period and realize the potential of the reproductive qualities of cows by activating the nonspecific resistance of the organism with the Prevention-N-B-S biological preparation. Based on the performed studies, a method for the prevention of obstetric-gynecological diseases of the postpartum period and an increase in the reproductive function of cows by increasing the nonspecific resistance of the body with the biological Prevention-N-B-S is proposed. The newly designed biological preparation was for the first time used in cows of the 2nd experimental group intramuscularly at a dose of 10 ml 35-30, 15-10, and 10-5 days before the expected calving time, and the animals of the 1st experimental group were injected with Dorogov's antiseptic stimulator of fraction 2 in combination with eleovitum in a ratio of 1:9 60 days before the scheduled calving dates. It was found that in cows of the 2nd trial group (28.8±0.56 days), the first estrus began 5.8 and 14.4 days earlier than in the mates of the 1st trial group (34.6±0.93 days) and control (43.2±1.64 days) groups. There was a decrease in the conception rate in cows of the 1st (1.8±0.24) and 2nd (1.4±0.36) trial groups, in comparison with the control (2.6±0.26). The service period in the 1st (64.6±1.62 days) and 2nd (57.8±1.50 days) experimental groups decreased compared to the control group (89.2±3.02 days). In the first sexual estrus in the control, 1st and 2nd experimental groups, 2, 4, and 6 cows have become fertile, respectively. The use of biological in the critical periods of cow pregnancy reduced the risks of uterine subinvolution, endometritis, and mastitis in the postpartum period, and also increased the reproductive qualities of cows. The most expressed corresponding effect was obtained when using the biological preparation Prevention-N-B-S.

A scientific and practical substantiation of the need for the timely formation of colostral immunity in calves to create nonspecific protection of the body and adaptation of newborns to new environmental conditions is given, which is the most important problem of modern veterinary science and practice. Colostral immunity is immunity that develops in newborns due to colostral immunoglobulins during the first 24-36 hours of life. For some newborn farm animals (horses, ruminants and pigs), antibodies are transmitted to offspring only through colostrum in the early postnatal period. In order to increase the nonspecific defenses of the body of mothers cows, the formation of colostral immunity in newborn calves and the realization of the biological resource potential of the body, immunostimulants were used, developed by scientists of the Chuvash State Agrarian University: Prevention-N-B-S and Salus-PE.

With the aim of improving productive potential of black pied cattle, preventing and treating clinical mastitis we used biopreparations developed by scientists of the Federal State Budgetary Establishment of Higher Education ‘Chuvash State Agrarian University’: Prevention-N-E and Prevention-N-B-S, as well as Mastinol, homeopathic medicinal product for treatment of mastitis. It follows from the results of our studies that the biological preparations used in the experiments did not influence the physiological condition of animals but activated cell factors of non-specific organism protection. The most obvious effect was demonstrated by Prevention-N-B-S, rather than Prevention-N-E, however this difference was insignificant (P>0.05). Prevention of mastitis in cows with Prevention-N-B-S biopreparation turned out to be more effective than with Prevention-N-E and Mastinol. Recovery of one cow of the 1st experimental group treated by Prevention-N-E took place in 4±0.08 days, which is 7±52 less than in the 3rd experimental group, where Mastinol was used. Atrophy of an udder lobe was observed in one cow in the 3rd experimental group. As a result, the issue of pathogenetic therapy of mastitis in cows is still relevant and we plan to solve it with the use of immunostimulants.