La giardiase chez les enfants: le génotype moléculaire, la croissance des enfants et la calprotectine fécaleIntroduction. La giardiase est la plus sévère infection parasitaire de l'intestin humain. L'objectif de l'étude a été d'investiguer la fréquence de la giardiase, trouver son génotype, estimer la croissance et déterminer le niveau de la calprotectine fécale chez les enfants. Matériel et méthodes. On a utilisé la méthode directe microscopique de 688 enfants, âgés de 6 à 18 ans pour G. duodenalis. Deux groupes se sont constitués: Groupe I -avec un test positif pour G. duodenalis (n = 90); groupe II -enfants avec un test négatif (n = 110). On a effectué pour ces enfants, le dosage génétique, l'anthropométrie et la calprotectine fécale. Résultats. Sur ces 688 enfants examinés pour G. duodenalis, 90 ont donné un résultat positif pour ABSTRACT Introduction. G iardiasis is the most frequently reported human intestinal parasitic infection. The objective of the study was to investigate the frequency of giardiasis, carry out the genotyping, estimate the growth and determine the level of fecal calprotectin in children. Material and methods. 688 children aged 6-18 years were examined for Giardia duodenalis by direct microscopy. Two groups were formed: group I -children with a positive test for Giardia duodenalis (n = 90); group II -children with a negative test (n = 110). Genetic examination, anthropometry and fecal calprotectin (FC) evaluation were carried out in these children.Results. Out of the 688 children examined, 90 had a positive result (G. duodenalis (+)). The leading clinical feature of G. duodenalis infection (+) was abdominal pain, followed by nausea and diarrhea. The FC content in the feces of the group I was significantly

Microbiological monitoring of the uropathogens is an effective "tool" for urinary tract infectious and inflammatory diseases treatment quality improvement. The aim of the article is to determine the range of the urinary tract infectious-inflammatory diseases etiological spectrum groups of pathogens in the child population in Chernivtsi region. Materials and methods. The etiologic spectrum of uropathogens identified in the urine samples of 657 patients who were provided with a specialized medical care in the Nephrology Department of the "Municipal Children's Clinical Hospital", Chernivtsi (2014-2015) was analyzed in order to dynamically control the possible changes of the "urinary tract infections" (UTI) regional etiological structure and antibiotic resistance of pathogens; identification of age and gender differences of urine microbial diversity in the child population in Chernivtsi region (2014-2015) compared with the monitoring data for the 2009-2013 period. Results. A significant difference has been found in the etiological structure of the urine microbial diversity in children with infectious and inflammatory diseases of the urinary tract (Gram-positive cocci-p < 0.05; Enterobacteria-p < 0.01; resident microflorap < 0.01) in comparison with uropathogens extracted in children with urinary tract noninfectious diseases. Administrative and territorial differences have been registered in etiological structure of the urine microbial diversity in children living in the urban areas (p < 0.01) from their peers living in the rural areas. Conclusions. The regional monitoring data showed changes of the urine resident microflora (p < 0.01) without significant changes of etiological spectrum of the UTI pathogens in examined children (0-18 years old) with urinary tract infectious and inflammatory diseases during 2009-2015 in Chernivtsi region. At the same time it as a matter of concern a significant increase in the proportion of "negative results" (no growth) in the urine bacteriological analysis (p < 0.01), which might indirectly indicate the "uncontrolled" use of antibiotics among children in the region.

In the scope of current medical practice the "viewpoint" regarding the growth of antibiotic resistance of microorganisms is a threat to national security. A reasonable use of antibiotics on the basis of uropathogen regional bacterial sensitivity gives the opportunity to "restrain" the growth of antibiotic resistance of microorganisms and increase the effectiveness of the UTI treatment.The aim of the article is to determine the range and dynamics of the antibiotic resistance of major groups of infectious-inflammatory diseases causative agents of the urinary tract in the child population of the Chernivtsi region. Materials and methods.The analysis of etiologic spectrum and antibiotic resistance of uropathogens was conducted and observed in the urine samples of 657 patients who were provided with a specialized medical care in the Nephrology department of the "Municipal Children 's Clinical Hospital", Chernivtsi (2014 with the purpose of the dynamic control of possible changes in the regional antibiotic resistance of pathogens of causative pathogens of the "urinary tract infections" (UTI); identify the age and gender differences of the child population of the Chernivtsi region (2014)(2015) compared to the monitoring data for the period of 2009-2013.Results. When UTI among of the child population of the Chernivtsi region leading etiologic organisms include strains of the family Enterobacteriaceae and uropathogen of the genus Proteus. A "wave-like" curve of the dynamics of antibiotic resistance of Enterobacteriaceae uropathogens with a decreasing tendency to the "drugs of choice" was observed among the child population of the region (2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014)(2015): penicillin (P < 0.01), cephalosporin II-III generation (P < 0.01) and medicine of the fluoroquinolone series (P < 0.01). A "wave-like" curve of the dynamics of antibiotic resistance of Proteus uropathogens with a decreasing tendency to the "drugs of choice" was observed among the child population of the region (2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014)(2015): semi-synthetic penicillin (P < 0.1), and medicine of the tetracycline series (P < 0.01). Conclusions.Regional microbiological monitoring of the uropathogens is an effective "tool" in higher quality treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases of the urinary tract of the child population.Регіональний моніторинг антибіотикорезистентності збудників інфекцій сечової системи серед дитячого населення Чернівецької області Сучасний «погляд» у світовій медичній практиці щодо зростання антибіотикорезистентності мікроорганізмів -загроза національної безпеки. Раціональне використання антибіотиків, на підставі даних про регіональну бактеріальну чутливість уропатогенів, дає можливість «стримувати» зростання антибіотикорезистентності мікроорганізмів і підвищити ефективність лікування інфекційно-запальних захворювань сечової системи.Мета роботи -встановити динаміку антибіотикорезистентності основних груп збудників інфекційно-запальних захворювань сечової системи в дитячого населення Чернівецької області.Мате...

The aim: to investigate the copper content in blood serum of children with different short stature types. Materials and methods: In the first stage, a comprehensive survey of 258 school children aged 7-11 was carried out in Chernivtsi to assess the prevalence of short stature children of school-age. In the second stage, a comparative study of 42 children aged 3 to 15 years with different types of short stature was conducted. Research: anthropometry, determination of growth hormone, TSH, IGF-1, and copper level in blood plasma. Results: The largest growth rate in children with somatotropic insufficiency, the syndrome of a biologically inactive growth hormone ranged from 4.1 cm/year to 1.6 cm/year, the ones with a family constitutional low-growth – from 5.7 cm/year to 3.3 cm/year. In 57 cases, that makes 1% of children with short stature, the blood plasma level of copper made less and rated 0.89 ± 0.04 μg / ml, which is believed to be lower (pу0,001) the average copper in children of the control group – 1.07 ± 0.02 μg / ml. Indices of copper in blood plasma in children with somatotropic insufficiency were the lowest and averaged 0.75 ± 0.03 μg / l, p<0.05. Conclusions: The lack of copper in the blood plasma is observed in most children with short stature, which indicates the need for appropriate correction.

One of the leading pathogenic mechanisms of chronic catarrhal gingivitis development in children is disorders in the system of child macroorganism and oral cavity microorganisms interrelation as a result of normal microflora inhibition against the background of general amount of opportunistic and pathogenic microorganisms. The oral cavity protective mechanisms condition plays an important role in this process. Due to this fact a perspective direction is to study the methods of mentioned pathology treatment using probiotics containing strains of normal microflora with high antagonistic, enzymatic and immunemodeling properties able to inhibit growth of pathogenic bacteria.Objective: to improve the common method of catarrhal gingivitis treatment in children by means of oral microbiocenosis correction on the local level. Materials and methods.The method of catarrhal gingivitis treatment in children with administration of the probiotic "BioGaia Prodentis" has been developed. 30 children at the age of 12 with clinical signs of chronic catarrhal gingivitis were treated and dynamically observed. The children were divided into two groups: the main (with application of the improved method) and the group of comparison (the common method was applied). The periodontal tissue condition in children was assessed on the basis of OHI-S, PMA, CPI indices, and Schiller-Pisarev's test. The oral cavity local immunity was assessed by means of lysozyme activity, the level of secretory immunoglobulin A, the degree of dysbiosis by urease activity detection in the oral fluid of children.Results. Administration of the drug "BioGaia Prodentis" in the complex of chronic catarrhal gingivitis treatment in children resulted in a quick reverse development of clinical signs. Among the children of the main group on the 3-4 th day of treatment a tendency to subsidence of inflammatory signs was observed. In the group of comparison the signs such as hyperemia, swelling and bleeding regressed at the beginning of the 4-5 th day. An average duration of local treatment in the main group was 4.46 ± 0.27 days against 8.00 ± 0.36 days in the group of comparison (P < 0.05). The results of paraclinical examination of children oral cavity after treatment have become the evidence of the clinical changes found. Significant difference by all the indices in children of the main group was detected. Catamnestic examination demonstrated that in half a year in children who were treated with the medicine "BioGaia Prodentis" better clinical-paraclinical indices were registered twice as less than those in children from the comparison group.Conclusions. Treatment of chronic catarrhal gingivitis in children with administration of the medicine "BioGaia Prodentis" in a complex therapy contributes to oral cavity microbiocenosis normalization. Clinical efficacy of the proposed method is evidenced by the local treatment periods reduction almost twice as large and approximately 2/3 decreased of the disease signs relapse as compared to the initial indices.Ефективність застосуванн...