No abstract

One of the quickly developing trends in the optimization of electric power grids is system development of operation and optimization of branch circuits which are based on linear programming problems. One of its categories is traffic problem. The paper discusses the formulation of various types of transport optimization problems used in the design of the most efficient power supply systems in the real sector of economy. The construction of arithmetic models of problems is carried out. Their optimality criterion is cost minimization for the design of electrical network diagrams consisting of power lines connecting sources and consumers. Examples of designing optimization power layout in mathematical problems considering the transmission capacity of power lines is given. The paper also touches upon a mathematical problem considering possible transit of capacities. The task is to build a mathematical model and solve problems that ensure minimization of process losses and losses of power when designing electrical networks. The results of solving problems are presented in the form of power supply circuits corresponding to the most optimal linking of source and consumer nodes. The work is of a scientific and practical significance as it considers the problem of optimizing economic costs when designing electric power network schemes. Moreover it is based on a qualitatively different level of use of the traffic problem algorithm. The algorithm for solving the minimization problem obtained in this paper allows developing the necessary computing operations as well as quickly obtaining the results of solving the cost optimization problem in the designed electric power network. P GWh. It is also known that the costs of transmitting power over power transmission lines between stations and settlements are ij z c.u./GW·h ( 600 11 = z , 700 12 = z , 400 13 = z , 320 21 = z , 300 22 = z , 350 23 = z , 500 31 = z , 480 32 = z , 450 3 = z ). At certain times of the year, the need for electricity in each of these three settlements increases by 20%. In this case, it is assumed that the lack of electricity can be replenished from another power supply network at a higher cost (1000 c.u./GW·h). However, the third settlement cannot join another power grid. Power plants are planning to design a more cost-effective program that provides electrical balance between consumers. It is necessary to plan the lowest-cost electrical network (it is possible to lay air lines only from the source to the loads) and determine the cost of additional electricity for each of these settlements at a certain time of the year.

The article considers the informational educational environment based on cloud technologies that underlies the implementation of the strategy for the development of the information society in Russia, which allows organizing various types of interaction between student and teacher, student and student, the educational process organizer with students and teachers. Cloud technology is data processing in which computer resources and capacities are provided to the user as Internet services in the cloud services market. In the context of the development of modern promising cloud technologies, the authors proposed a scheme for providing a networked educational process based on virtual representation. To realize all the capabilities (of the service) of virtual representation provided by a student in organizing a network educational process with remote access, a network educational and methodological information complex (SUMIK) has been developed. As part of the online learning process, the service "1C: Enterprise 8 via the Internet" is proposed. The article describes the experience of its use to provide an automated information system for collecting and analyzing statistics of the learning process.

The paper substantiates the need for the formation of a logical and algorithmic culture of students, which contributes to the conscious perception of educational material, which is adequate to modern school and university education in order to instill information and computer literacy in the younger generation. Teaching students to generalize, systematize, apply logical knowledge in a new situation, transfer the acquired knowledge from one subject to another is one of the main tasks of a modern school. At the same time, the logical and algorithmic level of their assimilation provides such a quality of knowledge as completeness and effectiveness, i.e. the student can list all the leading elements of knowledge, define each of them, characterize their main features, and also perform tasks on the topic using the acquired knowledge and skills. The generalization of the practical experience of the organization of the educational process allowed us to offer methodological recommendations for the organization of the formation of the logical and algorithmic culture of students on the basis of interdisciplinary connections in the process of teaching natural science disciplines. In the article, this technique is implemented with the help of one of the new forms of organization of classroom work at the university – complex seminars. The plans of conducting complex seminars on the topics "Harmonic oscillations" and "Integral and its application in physics" are given.

Residential and industrial buildings with large territorial dimensions, have mainly radial power supply schemes, which feed a large number of small and medium capacity 0.4 kV induction motors. For their power supply copper or aluminum cables of small cross-section (with high active resistance) are used. Calculations of electricity losses in such lines show significant values. In order to reduce active power losses in 0.4 kV cable lines, the optimization problem of minimizing active power losses in the radial power supply circuit is solved by optimal distribution of reactive power of a given value between compensating devices. The single-line scheme of power supply of a group of pumps of technological installation of petrochemical production is considered, the mathematical model of the optimization problem on criterion of minimum of active losses in power lines from reactive power flow is made, which limitations are presented as a system of linear algebraic equations. Results of distribution of optimum values of reactive power between compensating devices of asynchronous motors at maintenance of the set tg φ are received. The quantitative estimation of active power loss reduction in power lines at use of capacitor units, which reactive power is optimally distributed, is given.