A 220–320-GHz Vector-Sum Phase Shifter Using Single Gilbert-Cell Structure With Lossy Output Matching

Kim, Young‐Hwan; Kim, Soo-Yeon; Lee, Iljin; Urteaga, M.; Jeon, Sanggeun

doi:10.1109/tmtt.2014.2376515

Cited by 38 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The power consumption per RF chain P rf , at closed switch P sw , for the 4-bit phase shifter P ph , of the combiner P com , at the power amplifier P amp , and of the baseband P bb is 160 mW [1], 24 mW [25], 42 mW [26], 6.6 mW [27], 60 mW [28], and 200 mW [1], respectively. The hyper-parameter used in the multi-agent DQN algorithm is shown in Table I.…”

Section: Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

DRL-Assisted Dynamic Subconnected Hybrid Precoding for Multi-Layer THz mMIMO-NOMA System

Shahjalal,

Rahman,

Alam

et al. 2024

IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol.

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Massive multiple-input multiple-output (mMIMO) techniques can be combined with the non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) scheme in terahertz (THz) communication to achieve multiplexing gains and satisfy the ultra-high capacity and massive connectivity requirements. However, the development of a near-optimal solution for energy and spectral efficiency problems in a dynamic wireless cellular environment remains challenging. In this paper, a cooperative THz mMIMO-NOMA enabled base station is established to optimize the power consumption and maximize the spectral efficiency. A multi-layer mMIMO antenna architecture is used to perform dynamic sub-connected hybrid precoding in each layer. The fuzzy cmeans clustering algorithm is used to group densely located users into clusters to efficiently use the power coefficients. To optimize the power distribution constraints and coordination of the hybrid precoding structure, a multi-agent deep reinforcement learning algorithm is developed, which operates in a distributive manner. Each base station layer involves an agent that trains a deep Q-network, and optimal actions are executed by sharing exchangeable network parameters among layers. The simulation results indicate that the proposed scheme is able to learn the trade-off between maximization of the energy efficiency and overall system capacity.

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Section: Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

DRL-Assisted Dynamic Subconnected Hybrid Precoding for Multi-Layer THz mMIMO-NOMA System

Shahjalal,

Rahman,

Alam

et al. 2024

IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol.

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“…In each quadrant, only one I and one Q amplifier are active. To avoid using inverting and non-inverting amplifiers, the architecture with crossed outputs shown in Figure 2 c is often used [ 3 , 4 , 5 ].…”

Section: State-of-the-art and Proposed Vector Modulatormentioning

confidence: 99%

A 17.8–20.2 GHz Compact Vector-Sum Phase Shifter in 130 nm SiGe BiCMOS Technology for LEO Gateways Receivers

Pino

Khemchandani

San-Miguel-Montesdeoca³

et al. 2023

Micromachines

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This paper presents a novel and compact vector modulator (VM) architecture implemented in 130 nm SiGe BiCMOS technology. The design is suitable for use in receive phased arrays for the gateways of major low Earth orbit (LEO) constellations that operate in the 17.8 to 20.2 GHz frequency range. The proposed architecture uses four variable gain amplifiers (VGA) that are active at any given time and are switched to generate the four quadrants. Compared to conventional architectures, this structure is more compact and produces double the output amplitude. The design offers 6-bit phase control for 360°, and the total root mean square (RMS) phase and gain errors are 2.36° and 1.46 dB, respectively. The design occupies an area of 1309.4 μm × 1783.8 μm (including pads).

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THz Sources and Related Topics

Rieh

2020

Introduction to Terahertz Electronics

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A 220–320-GHz Vector-Sum Phase Shifter Using Single Gilbert-Cell Structure With Lossy Output Matching

Cited by 38 publications

References 23 publications

DRL-Assisted Dynamic Subconnected Hybrid Precoding for Multi-Layer THz mMIMO-NOMA System

DRL-Assisted Dynamic Subconnected Hybrid Precoding for Multi-Layer THz mMIMO-NOMA System

A 17.8–20.2 GHz Compact Vector-Sum Phase Shifter in 130 nm SiGe BiCMOS Technology for LEO Gateways Receivers

THz Sources and Related Topics

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