Active Electrochemical Plasmonic Switching on Polyaniline‐Coated Gold Nanocrystals

Abstract

High-performance electrochemical plasmonic switching is realized on both single-particle and ensemble levels by coating polyaniline on colloidal gold nanocrystals through surfactant-assisted oxidative polymerization. Under small applied potentials, the core@shell nanostructures exhibit reversible plasmon shifts as large as 150 nm, a switching time of less than 10 ms, and a high switching stability.

Two‐step hydrothermal fabrication of Na 0.23 TiO 2 nanofibers and enhanced photocatalysis after loaded with gold or silver determined by surface potentials

“…l d and m depend on the size, composition, and shape of the metal nanoparticle. The plasmon resonance wavelength of the Au nanoparticles is about 540 nm, agreeing with the result of UV‐vis diffuse reflectance.…”

“…The charge easily gathers in the positions with high curvatures of the metal surface, resulting in a local surface plasmon resonance shift (Δ λ ), expressed as where m , n medium , and n adsorbate are the metal refractive index sensitivity, medium, and adsorbate refractive indexes around the nanoparticle, respectively. l d is electric field decay length, and t is the effective thickness of the adsorbate layer.…”

Electrochromic‐Polymer‐Based Switchable Plasmonic Color Devices Using Surface‐Relief Nanostructure Pixels

“…[23,47] In our study, to achieve a high optical contrast, a negative potential higher than −0.7 V was needed to be applied to the PPy modified plasmonic color substrate electrode. The magnitude of the applied potential determines the level of polymer dedoped state; higher negative potentials increase the polymer film reduction and therefore magnify the intensity of the reflected light, this is true until the polymer film is being fully reduced (dedoped).…”

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Plasmonic colors are structural colors generated by the resonant interaction of light with metallic nanostructures through surface plasmons. [13] The potentials of applying plasmonic colors in active displays have been increasingly recognized and various novel device configurations implementing plasmonic colors have been demonstrated, such as metal-nanostructures-array-based color filters for imaging devices, [14][15][16] metal-insulator-metal resonators tuned by modulating refractive index, [17,18] plasmonic color substrates controlled by liquid crystals, [19][20][21] electrochromically switchable plasmonic color devices, [22][23][24] plasmonic colors operated via reversible electrodeposition, [25,26] and aluminum nano-antenna arrays for high-chromaticity color filters in displays. [13] The potentials of applying plasmonic colors in active displays have been increasingly recognized and various novel device configurations implementing plasmonic colors have been demonstrated, such as metal-nanostructures-array-based color filters for imaging devices, [14][15][16] metal-insulator-metal resonators tuned by modulating refractive index, [17,18] plasmonic color substrates controlled by liquid crystals, [19][20][21] electrochromically switchable plasmonic color devices, [22][23][24] plasmonic colors operated via reversible electrodeposition, [25,26] and aluminum nano-antenna arrays for high-chromaticity color filters in displays.

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Sunlight‐Driven Photo‐Thermochromic Smart Windows

“…Although some electro‐thermochromic devices are designed and developed to utilize external electric stimulus instead of direct heating, the additional electric system/device would lead to increased complexity of device's structure and still consumes energy. Thus, sunlight‐responsive materials or solar‐powered devices in building are particularly appealing for saving energy . Especially, the ambient‐sunlight‐induced smart window is highly attractive but seldom reported in literature as far as we are aware.…”