Adipogenesis at a glance

Lowe, Christopher; O’Rahilly, Stephen; Rochford, Justin J.

doi:10.1242/jcs.079699

Cited by 308 publications

(216 citation statements)

References 105 publications

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“…C/EBP orthologs are found in eukaryotes from the animal kingdom in organisms as diverse as the Anthozoa (Nematostella vectensis), the Crustacea (Daphnia pulex), the insects (D. melanogaster and Apis mellifera, respectively), vertebrates and in all mammals examined. Other transcription factors in the adipogenic transcriptional cascade have been reviewed elsewhere (Cristancho and Lazar, 2011;Lowe et al, 2011) and include the Kruppel-like family of transcription factors (KLFs) (Mori et al, 2005;Oishi et al, 2005;Sue et al, 2008), glucocorticoid receptors (Yeh et al, 1995), interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) (Eguchi et al, 2008), GATA transcription factors (Tong et al, 2000;Tong et al, 2003), forkhead transcription factors (Nakae et al, 2003) and early Bcell factor (EBF) 1 and 2 (Jimenez et al, 2007).…”

Section: Formation Of a Fat Cell In Vertebratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative perspective on lipid storage in animals

Birsoy

Festuccia

Laplante

2013

Journal of Cell Science

128

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SummaryLipid storage is an evolutionary conserved process that exists in all organisms from simple prokaryotes to humans. In Metazoa, longterm lipid accumulation is restricted to specialized cell types, while a dedicated tissue for lipid storage (adipose tissue) exists only in vertebrates. Excessive lipid accumulation is associated with serious health complications including insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Thus, significant advances have been made over the last decades to dissect out the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in adipose tissue formation and maintenance. Our current understanding of adipose tissue development comes from in vitro cell culture and mouse models, as well as recent approaches to study lipid storage in genetically tractable lower organisms. This Commentary gives a comparative insight into lipid storage in uni-and multi-cellular organisms with a particular emphasis on vertebrate adipose tissue. We also highlight the molecular mechanisms and nutritional signals that regulate the formation of mammalian adipose tissue.

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Section: Formation Of a Fat Cell In Vertebratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative perspective on lipid storage in animals

Birsoy

Festuccia

Laplante

2013

Journal of Cell Science

128

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“…The FUS-DDIT3 chimera retains DDIT3 ability to heterodimerize with-and affect the transcriptional potential of-other members of the C/EBP family, including C/EBPa, b and d, master regulators of adipocyte differentiation. 9,10 As a consequence, FUS-DDIT3 blocks the lipogenic cell differentiation at the preadipocytic state, in myxoid liposarcoma.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiangiogenic activity of trabectedin in myxoid liposarcoma: Involvement of host TIMP‐1 and TIMP‐2 and tumor thrombospondin‐1

Dossi

Frapolli

Giandomenico

et al. 2014

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Trabectedin is a marine natural product, approved in Europe for the treatment of soft tissue sarcoma and relapsed ovarian cancer. Clinical and experimental evidence indicates that trabectedin is particularly effective against myxoid liposarcomas where response is associated to regression of capillary networks. Here, we investigated the mechanism of the antiangiogenic activity of trabectedin in myxoid liposarcomas. Trabectedin directly targeted endothelial cells, impairing functions relying on extracellular matrix remodeling (invasion and branching morphogenesis) through the upregulation of the inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases TIMP-1 and TIMP-2. Increased TIMPs synthesis by the tumor microenvironment following trabectedin treatment was confirmed in xenograft models of myxoid liposarcoma. In addition, trabectedin upregulated tumor cell expression of the endogenous inhibitor thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1, a key regulator of angiogenesis-dependent dormancy in sarcoma), in in vivo models of myxoid liposarcomas, in vitro cell lines and primary cell cultures from patients' myxoid liposarcomas. Chromatin Immunoprecipitation analysis showed that trabectedin displaced the master regulator of adipogenesis C/EBPb from the TSP-1 promoter, indicating an association between the upregulation of TSP-1 and induction of adipocytic differentiation program by trabectedin. We conclude that trabectedin inhibits angiogenesis through multiple mechanisms, including directly affecting endothelial cells in the tumor microenvironment-with a potentially widespread activity-and targeting tumor cells' angiogenic activity, linked to a tumor-specific molecular alteration.Trabectedin (Yondelis; ET-743) is a tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloid isolated from the marine tunicate Ecteinascidia turbinate and now obtained by chemical synthesis.1 It has been approved in Europe for the treatment of advanced or metastatic soft tissue sarcoma and relapsed ovarian cancer, and is currently undergoing phase II trials for several other tumors.Although not yet fully elucidated, its mechanism of action appears different from other antitumor DNA-damaging agents. It binds to N2 of guanine in the minor groove of DNA and interacts with DNA-binding proteins such as DNA repair proteins and transcription factors.1 It affects transcription regulation in a gene-and promoter-dependent fashion in both cancer and normal cells (i.e., macrophages).1-4 As a result trabectedin has a dual antineoplastic effect. It directly targets tumor cells and impairs the recruitment, viability and activity of stroma cells, particularly monocytes/macrophages, 4,5 profoundly affecting the tumor microenvironment, and depriving the tumor of the inflammatory-mediated support.Although trabectedin has shown activity against several types of soft tissue sarcomas, myxoid liposarcomas are the most sensitive to the drug. 6 Myxoid liposarcomas are characterized by chromosomal translocations, most frequently the translocation t(12;16)(q13;p11) leading to the formation of a fusion oncoprotein between FUS (fu...

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“…[64][65][66][67][68] Other secreted factors important in angiogenesis and vasculogenesis, specifically bFGF, sDF1a, VEGF, and HGF [69][70][71][72] were also increased. These data are particularly important, as the survival of a 3D tissue graft in vivo will most likely require the formation of some vasculature to bring blood and essential nutrients to the cells present in the tissue graft.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitronectin-Based, Biomimetic Encapsulating Hydrogel Scaffolds Support Adipogenesis of Adipose Stem Cells

Clevenger

Hinman

Rubin

et al. 2016

Tissue Engineering Part A

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Soft tissue defects are relatively common, yet currently used reconstructive treatments have varying success rates, and serious potential complications such as unpredictable volume loss and reabsorption. Human adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs), isolated from liposuction aspirate have great potential for use in soft tissue regeneration, especially when combined with a supportive scaffold. To design scaffolds that promote differentiation of these cells down an adipogenic lineage, we characterized changes in the surrounding extracellular environment during adipogenic differentiation. We found expression changes in both extracellular matrix proteins, including increases in expression of collagen-IV and vitronectin, as well as changes in the integrin expression profile, with an increase in expression of integrins such as aVb5 and a1b1. These integrins are known to specifically interact with vitronectin and collagen-IV, respectively, through binding to an Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) sequence. When three different short RGD-containing peptides were incorporated into three-dimensional (3D) hydrogel cultures, it was found that an RGD-containing peptide derived from vitronectin provided strong initial attachment, maintained the desired morphology, and created optimal conditions for in vitro 3D adipogenic differentiation of ASCs. These results describe a simple, nontoxic encapsulating scaffold, capable of supporting the survival and desired differentiation of ASCs for the treatment of soft tissue defects.

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Adipogenesis at a glance

Cited by 308 publications

References 105 publications

A comparative perspective on lipid storage in animals

A comparative perspective on lipid storage in animals

Antiangiogenic activity of trabectedin in myxoid liposarcoma: Involvement of host TIMP‐1 and TIMP‐2 and tumor thrombospondin‐1

Vitronectin-Based, Biomimetic Encapsulating Hydrogel Scaffolds Support Adipogenesis of Adipose Stem Cells

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