Analisis Faktor Yang Berpengaruh Terhadap Konversi Sputum Basil Tahan Asam Pada Penderita Tuberkulosis

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by bacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) that most often affect the lungs. The incidence of tuberculosis in Indonesia is high because the success rate of tuberculosis treatment has decreased which causes the chain of transmission continues to occur. The main government programs to decrese the incidence and increasing the success treatment with the Directly Observed Treatment (DOTS) program. One important indicator of the DOTS program to assessing the success of tuberculosis treatment is the conversion of positive AFB sputum to negative at the end of the intensive phase of treatment. AFB sputum conversion to negative at the end of the intensive phase of treatment is influenced by several internal factors such as level of education and income, gender, adherence, patient's nutritional status, and comorbidities. Then external factors can also influence the AFB sputum conversion in anti-tuberculosis treatment such as environmental conditions, smear positivity, drug taking supervisors (PMO), and availability of drugs in health facilities.

Tendency of Malnutrition in Intensive Phase Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients with Low Macro Nutrient Adequacy

“…Therefore, patients with intensive pulmonary TB were very susceptible to malnutrition 8 . The nutritional status of pulmonary TB patients could contribute to the conversion of sputum from positive to negative smears in pulmonary TB patients in the first 2 months 30 . The low intake of macronutrients can reduce the intake of micronutrients which were also contained in it, whereas vitamins and minerals play an important role in accelerating the intensive phase of healing and optimizing nutritional status.…”

Gambaran Foto Toraks Pasien Tuberkulosis Paru dengan HIV di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Periode Januari – Juni 2022

“…3,12 Perilaku merokok dapat meningkatkan pembentukan mukus dan menurunkan aktivitas silia sehingga risiko pertumbuhan bakteri tuberkulosis meningkat. 13 Selain itu, kurang patuhnya dalam pengobatan sering terjadi pada individu dengan jenis kelamin laki-laki. 3,12 Kurang patuhnya konsumsi OAT secara teratur akan meningkatkan progesivitas dan resistensi bakteri tuberkulosis.…”

“…3,12 Kurang patuhnya konsumsi OAT secara teratur akan meningkatkan progesivitas dan resistensi bakteri tuberkulosis. 13 Berdasarkan kelompok usia (Tabel 1), yang paling dominan ialah 26-35 tahun sebesar 44,4%. Hasil penelitian ini sejalan dengan penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Abdillah et al 14 yaitu pengidap TB paru dengan HIV didominasi oleh kelompok usia 26-35 tahun (61,1%).…”

Correlation Between CD4, Hemoglobin, and Body Mass Index Levels on The Success of Intensive Phase Therapy among Positive Bacteriological Tuberculosis Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Co-infection

“…In addition, patients with a lower BMI tend to experience metabolic processes' changes in the body, such as increased catabolism to activate the work of the immune system, anabolic block occurs where amino acids cannot be built into a more complex protein arrangement which caused lacks of energy and reducing fat deposits in the body which impacted the cells and tissues, as well as an alleviation in the leptin hormone in the blood. Thus alleviating the patient's intake as well as the body's resistance [34]. This condition then causes the risk of sputum conversion's failure to become even more significant [35].…”