Anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, analgesic, and antioxidant activities of Haloxylon salicornicum aqueous fraction

Abstract

The medicinal plant Haloxylon salicornicum is utilized for therapeutic purposes. We previously reported the antioxidant potential of hexane fraction and methanol extracts of the same species. However, since these solvents could be clinically toxic, the current findings investigated the pharmacological effects of the water fraction. The pain relieving, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic potential of H. salicornicum water extract (HEW) were studied at two concentrations (250 and 500 mg/kg) in rodents. The carrageenan stimulated rat paw edema assay was exercised to assess anti inflammatory potential in rats; yeast-stimulated hyperthermia was utilized to test antipyretic activity in mice; analgesic properties were assessed based on acetic acid-induced writhing, tail flicking, and hot-plate test; and antioxidant potential was examined with the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay. We found that 500 mg/kg HEW inhibited edema by 44.03%. Yeast-induced hyperthermia in mice was reduced by 250 and 500 mg/kg HEW after 30, 60, and 120 min with significant level of (P < 0.001) compared to rectal temperature of yeast administered group. The high dose of HEW (500 mg/kg) improved the reaction time of mice in the hot-plate test from 6.66 ± 0.33 to 11.33 ± 0.49 s after 120 min. In the acetic acid-stimulated writhing test, 250 and 500 mg/kg HEW decreased writhing by 32.71% and 51.40%, respectively, after 20 min. HEW also showed antioxidant effects. These results demonstrate that HEW is bioactive and has therapeutic potential for treating a variety of ailments.

Ethnobotanical, phytochemical and antimicrobial activity of Halexylon salicornicum (Ramth) as a graze and promising shrub against selected animal microbes

“… The plant has antipyretic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect. ( Ajabnoor et al, 1984 , Shabana et al, 1990 , Ferheen et al, 2005a , Awaad et al, 2001 , Ferheen et al, 2005b , Alqasoumi et al, 2012 , Bibi et al, 2010 , Ibrahim et al, 2011 , Saleem et al, 2013 , Abdallah and El-Ghazali, 2013 , Saini et al, 2009 , Ullah et al, 2019 , Aala et al, 2021 ). …”

“…However, no studies have examined the antimicrobial activity of H. salicornicum extract against microbes from animal sources, especially because it is a grazing herb that camels and small ruminants eat by instinct, and it may be used again due to Zoopharmacognosy, which states that animals medicate themselves by selecting natural substances (plants, herbs, clay, and insects) to reduce the risky effects of pathogens ( Kapadia et al, 2014 , Attardo and Sartori, 2003 ). Especially since the aqueous extract of the shrub H. salicornicum is safe for medicinal purposes and may be administered without causing substantial harm ( Ullah et al, 2019 ). As a result, the goal of this study was to examine the ethnobotanical, phytochemical, and antibacterial effects of H. salicornicum against pathogens of animal origin to give this underutilized shrub more attention.…”

“…To far, however, there have been no studies that have investigated the antimicrobial activity of H. salicornicum extract against pathogens from animal sources especially as a grazing herb that is consumed by camels and small ruminants select it for eating by instinct that my resume the use due to the Zoopharmacognosy as animals medicate themselves by selecting natural substances (plants, herbs, clay and insects) to reduce the risky effect of pathogens ( Kapadia et al, 2014 , Attardo and Sartori, 2003 ). Especially as the safety for therapeutic uses of aqueous extract of the shrub H. salicornicum has been demonstrated and can be used without any significant toxicity ( Ullah et al, 2019 ). So this research aimed to inspect the phytochemical, ethnobotanical and antimicrobial effect of H. salicornicum against pathogens of animal origin to give more attention to this neglected shrub.…”

Synthesis of Copper Oxide-Based Nanoformulations of Etoricoxib and Montelukast and Their Evaluation through Analgesic, Anti-Inflammatory, Anti-Pyretic, and Acute Toxicity Activities

“…The % inhibition of inflammation was estimated from the decrease in the volume of the hind paw of mice. The % inhibition of inflammation was calculated using the following Equation (3) [54,55]:…”

Phytochemical Screening, Total Phenolics Content and Antioxydants Potential of Different parts of Grangea maderaspatana from Burkina Faso

“…Herbal medicine has played a crucial role in the maintenance of the healthcare system of the wide population throughout the world. The most dominant family reported in terms of medicinal plants was Asteraceae [2][3][4]. The interest in these natural molecules with antioxidant properties is mainly due to the fact that synthetic antioxidants are being questioned because of their toxicity risk.…”