Assessment of commonly used Hospital Disinfectants on Bacteria isolated from the Operating Theatre

Abstract

was evaluated. Bacterial species were isolated by settling plate method, using Nutrient and MacConkey agar as the isolating medium. The isolates were fully characterized by standard methods. Isolated bacteria includes; Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus cereus, Streptococcus sp and Bacillus subtilis. The in house disinfectants (Povidone iodine and Izal) used in the operating theatres was obtained and evaluated using Agar ditch diffusion method. Povidone iodine obtained from the operating theatre showed no zones of inhibition in all the isolates tested, Izal solution obtained from the theatres showed appreciable zones of inhibition. Povidone iodine purchased from a pharmacy store in town however produced zones of inhibitions ranging from 7.75 mm to 18.00 mm. Killing rate for the most resistant isolates showed that B. megaterium, S. aureus and B. cereus required 25 to 30 minutes of exposure time for 8% Izal dilution to bring about the death of all resistant isolates. It was concluded that disinfection remain one of the most effective ways of reducing nosocomial pathogens in hospital environment as demonstrated in the results of this research work. However, from time to time potency of the in house used disinfectant must be evaluated in order to keep pace with degradation of disinfectant which normally occurs with time.

Remote Video Auditing to Verify OR Cleaning: A Quality Improvement Project

“…Environmental cleaning and disinfection is complex and requires organized procedures designating specific personnel who are responsible for completing the work. An effective method for decreasing contaminants in the environment is applying a disinfection agent that remains in contact with the surface for a specified time . Rutala and Weber suggest the following strategies to improve the effectiveness of cleaning:…”

Minimizing Sources of Airborne, Aerosolized, and Contact Contaminants in the OR Environment

“…[6][7][8]10,[20][21][22][23][24][25][26] Microorganisms that researchers have identified in OR air include Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus species, and Streptococcus species. 23 Sources for airborne contaminants can be human skin squames, respiratory aerosols, and dust containing microbial particles. 24 Airborne contaminants in the OR can be minimized with positive-pressure ventilation system controls and downward vertical airflow with frequent filtered air exchanges.…”

“…Airborne or aerosolized particles, which can carry microorganisms, can be measured using a counter that reports the air-particulate count (APC), using a microbiologic aircollection device that reports colony-forming units (CFUs), and by culturing the air (eg, with agar plates). [6][7][8]10,[20][21][22][23][24][25][26] Microorganisms that researchers have identified in OR air include Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus species, and Streptococcus species. 23 Sources for airborne contaminants can be human skin squames, respiratory aerosols, and dust containing microbial particles.…”

Comparative efficacy of hospital disinfectants against nosocomial infection pathogens

“…Contaminated hospital surfaces can transmit the pathogens to the patients, so cleaning and disinfecting surfaces will break this chain [1]. Decontamination methods such as sterilization (physical or chemical) and disinfection processes are key principles of successful programs in the control of nosocomial infections [6]. Persistence of hospital infections may be in part due to the inappropriate and inadequate use of decontamination methods [11].…”

“…Another bacterial species that has been important in recent years as a multi-drug resistance agent of hospital infections is Burkholderia cepacia , which was first described in patients with systemic fibrosis in the late 1970s. Burkholderia cepacia isolates are usually resistant to various classes of antibiotics and disinfectants [ 6 ]. Enterococci have been long recognized as important human pathogens and Enterococcus faecalis is one of the most common and life-threatening causes of nosocomial infections [ 7 , 8 ].…”