Assessment of genetic diversity among wheat selectedegenotypese and local varieties for saltetolerance by usingeRAPD and ISSR analysis

Abstract

Three genotypes of wheat developede for saltetoleranceethroughe plant breeding program and two local cultivars were screened for genetic variation under salinity conditions through RAPD and ISSR markers. Eight selected primers (OP1-06, OPE-16, OPN-07, OPO-17, OPD-20, OPL-05, OPI-01 and OPJ-13) were used in randomeamplifiede polymorphic eDNA (RAPD-PCR reaction) and three selected primers (UBC 809, UBC 810 and UBC 811) were used in ISSR markers. According to the results of the amplification and ISSR markers, the genetic distance and dendogram illustratedegeneticefingerprint and relationshipsebetweeneselected genotypes and local cultivars were determinant. Results revealed that there are genetics differences between the selected genotypes and the local cultivars in some specific segment at different size (bp) with all primers which used in this study, except the result of the primer (OPE-16) showed that there are no bands appeared in all selected genotypes and local cultivars. Other results of RAPD markers showed that there are differences among the selected genotypes in their banding patterns only with primers (OP1-06, OPN-07 and OPO-17) at different size. The results of ISSR markers showed differences that there are also differences between the selected genotypes and local cultivars in specific segment with the three primers which used, the selected genotypes were similar in banding patterns with UBC 809 and UBC 811primers. Genetically, the results showed that all the selected genotypes and local cultivars differed in their genetic distance, variations among the selected genotypes in their genetic distance. In conclusion the selected genotypes (salt tolerant) genetically differed from the local cultivars (salt sensitive).

Genetic and Molecular Analysis of the Genotypes of Bread Wheat and its Single Cross Hybrids

“…Through these results, it was found that there is a degree of genetic similarity or diversity between the genotypes included in the study, and this is due to two things, first the difference between the five genotypes may be in the phenotypes, and this is the result of the influence of the environment, which is what depends on it in many breeding programs, second it may be the result of a genetically high similarity between the genotypes, which contradicts the first thing, which depends on phenotypes, and this is due to the similarity in the noncoding regions of genes [27]. This is consistent with many researchers who used the indicators of molecular markers, especially the ISSR, including the study [12,24,26,28,29].…”

“…The cluster diagram shown in Figure 1 represents the five genotypes of the bread wheat crop used in the study. It was divided into two main groups, the first group included the which determines the genetic fingerprint of the variety [26], variation in bundles is the result of induced mutations or selfmutations that affect the distance between genetic loci that occur naturally during the evolutionary process that occurs in living organisms, the variation may have occurred by addition or deletion at the sites to which the primer is attached, This is what found in other studies [27,28], and the molecular sizes of the multiplicative bundles of the primers included in the study ranged between (2200-350 bp). This agrees with [28] (Table 8).…”