Chemical profiling, in vitro antioxidant, membrane stabilizing and antimicrobial properties of wild growing Murraya paniculata from Amarkantak (M.P.)

Abstract

The excessive usage of antibiotics in humans and veterinary medicine has lead to the emergence of antibiotic resistance and now requires the use of novel antibiotics. There has been increased interest towards plants as source of drugs because of their pharmacological potency and long traditional usage. The aim of the current study was to evaluate bioactive components, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities of the leaf extracts of Murraya paniculata, a plant traditionally used in Indian medicinal system. Evaluations were made for phytochemical analysis, antioxidant, membrane stabilizing, and antimicrobial activities. The methanol extract displayed the highest flavonoid and phenolic content, the acetone extract demonstrated considerable ABTS inhibitory activity (IC50value:555.18 ± 1.68 µg/mL) and the hexane extract exhibited highest H2O2 radical scavenging activity (IC50value: 509.84 ± 3.03 µg/mL). The aqueous extract displayed 19.4 ± 0.66% RBC hemolysis and 80.5 ± 0.66% protection caused by hypotonic solution at high concentration of the extract. The fractions of hexane extract revealed a higher zone of inhibition than crude extract. The major components found in the fractions were cyclohexane (40.11%) and 3-(6-Methoxy-3-methyl-2-benzofuranyl) Cyclohexanone (13.68%) as analyzed by GC–MS/MS technique. The current results validate the traditional use of the M. paniculata and warrant its potential in drug development programs in further investigations.

Sustainable phyto-fabrication of silver nanoparticles using Gmelina arborea exhibit antimicrobial and biofilm inhibition activity

“…Secondary metabolites are ubiquitously produced in plants that act as signalling molecules in plant–plant interaction and in plant defence response including biotic and abiotic stresses. They are also major contributors to the antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-insecticidal properties of medicinal plants, have low toxicity in humans and are environmentally safe 26 .…”

Diversity in Phytochemical Composition and Medicinal Value of Murraya paniculata

“…[8] It has been reported that among the extracts of M. paniculata in hexane, water, chloroform, methanol and acetone, the methanol extract gave highest value for phenolic content (1060 � 52.83 mg gallic acid equivalent/g dry material). [9] Another study has supported these findings where the leaf extract of M. paniculata in methanol has been found to have highest phenolic content (24.80 � 0.64 mg GAE) than the extracts of leaf's in other solvents. [10] Different chemical methods have also been reported to qualitatively evaluate the presence of phenolics in Murraya paniculata extracts.…”

“…Phenolics are important secondary metabolites which are synthesized by plant and play an important role in large number of biological activities such as anti‐oxidant, reduce inflammation, prevent heart disease, defense mechanism, lower the incidence of cancers and reduce rates of mutagenesis in human cells [8] . It has been reported that among the extracts of M. paniculata in hexane, water, chloroform, methanol and acetone, the methanol extract gave highest value for phenolic content (1060±52.83 mg gallic acid equivalent/g dry material) [9] . Another study has supported these findings where the leaf extract of M. paniculata in methanol has been found to have highest phenolic content (24.80±0.64 mg GAE) than the extracts of leaf's in other solvents [10] …”

“…To get relive from stomachache and inflamed joints the boiled twigs and cooked leaves are also used in India [7] . Murraya paniculata is also used to treat tuberculosis and dysentery [9] …”

“…It was reported that from the different extracts of leaves of M. paniculata in chloroform, water, methanol, acetone and hexane, the maximum value of flavonoid content (318.4 � 9.16 mg) was given by methanol extract. [9,11] Different reported classes of flavonoids present in this marvelous plant are discussed in following points.…”