Commercial vaccines provide limited protection to NADC30-like PRRSV infection

Bai, Xiaofei; Wang, Yuzhou; Xu, Xin; Sun, Zhe; Xiao, Yan; Ji, Guodong; Li, Yingying; Tan, Feifei; Li, Xiangdong; Tian, Kegong

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.09.048

Cited by 71 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…PRRSV is one of the most important viruses hindering the development of the swine industry globally, especially with the emergence of highly pathogenic PRRSV (HP-PRRSV) [5,38]. Recently, new PRRSV mutant strains have become pandemic in China [1,16,17,35,37,39] and are named NADC30-like PRRSV strains for their genomic similarity to the NADC30 strain isolated in the US in 2008 [3]. NADC30-like PRRSV strains feature different recombinations and have produced many mosaic isolates, enhancing their genetic diversity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to genetic mutation, PRRSV genetic diversity is also generated by recombination among different strains, including vaccine strains [7,18,23,30,33,37]. Importantly, commercial vaccines cannot provide complete protection against heterologous PRRSV infection [1,21]. The problems outlined above indicate that the use of vaccines may not be an ideal strategy for PRRSV control; however, exploring effective anti-PRRSV drugs may overcome these issues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Isobavachalcone inhibits post-entry stages of the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus life cycle

et al. 2018

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Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is a pathogen of great economic significance that impacts the swine industry globally. Since the first report of a porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) outbreak, tremendous efforts to control this disease, including various national policies and plans incorporating the use of multiple modified live-virus vaccines, have been made. However, PRRSV is still a significant threat to the swine industry, and new variants continually emerge as a result of PRRSV evolution. Several studies have shown that pandemic PRRSV strains have enormous genetic diversity and that commercial vaccines can only provide partial protection against these strains. Therefore, effective anti-PRRSV drugs may be more suitable and reliable for PRRSV control. In this study, we observed that isobavachalcone (IBC), which was first isolated from Psoralea corylifolia, had potent anti-PRRSV activity in vitro. Although many biological activities of IBC have been reported, this is the first report describing the antiviral activity of IBC. Furthermore, after a systematic investigation, we demonstrated that IBC inhibits PRRSV replication at the post-entry stage of PRRSV infection. Thus, IBC may be a candidate for further evaluation as a therapeutic agent against PRRSV infection of swine in vivo.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isobavachalcone inhibits post-entry stages of the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus life cycle

et al. 2018

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“…The coexistence of distinct PRRSV isolates in Chinese swine herds makes it very complicate to effectively prevent and control the diseases. Commercial PRRSV modified live vaccines (MLV) may provide satisfied protection against homologous PRRSV infection; however, the cross‐protection against heterologous PRRSV infection is very limited (Bai et al, ; Renukaradhya, Meng, Calvert, Roof, & Lager, ; Zhou et al, ). Therefore, reliable and convenient differential detection method is crucial to adopt effective control strategies such as the selection of phylogenetically related vaccines.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…HP‐PRRSV2 isolates generally have the highest virulence followed by the NL‐PRRSV2 and CA‐PRRSV2 isolates (Li et al, ; Sun et al, ; Tian et al, ), while current Chinese PRRSV1 isolates are low virulent (Chen et al, ; Ming et al, ). In addition, commercial PRRSV vaccines provide limited cross‐protection against different genotypes/subtypes of PRRSV infection (Bai et al, ; Zhou et al, ). The coexistence of distinct PRRSV in Chinese swine herds makes it more complicated to combat PRRSV infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of universal and quadruplex real‐time RT‐PCR assays for simultaneous detection and differentiation of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses

Chen

Xiao

et al. 2019

Transbound Emerg Dis

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Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus 1 (PRRSV1) and 2 (PRRSV2) (including 3 major subtypes: classical (CA‐PRRSV2), highly pathogenic (HP‐PRRSV2) and NADC30‐like (NL‐PRRSV2)) are currently coexisting in Chinese swine herds but with distinct virulence. Reliable detection and differentiation assays are crucial to monitor the prevalence of PRRSV and to adopt effective control strategies. However, current diagnostic methods cannot simultaneously differentiate the four major groups of PRRSV in China. In this study, universal and quadruplex real‐time RT‐PCR assays using TaqMan‐MGB probes were developed for simultaneous detection and differentiation of Chinese PRRSV isolates. The newly developed real‐time RT‐PCR assays exhibited good specificity, sensitivity, repeatability and reproducibility. In addition, the newly developed real‐time RT‐PCR assays were further validated by comparing with a universal PRRSV conventional RT‐PCR assay on the detection of 664 clinical samples collected from 2016 to 2019 in China. Based on the clinical performance, the agreements between the universal and quadruplex real‐time RT‐PCR assays and the conventional RT‐PCR assay were 99.55% and 99.40%, respectively. Totally 90 samples were detected as PRRSV‐positive, including 2 samples that were determined to be co‐infected with NL‐PRRSV2 and HP‐PRRSV2 isolates by the quadruplex real‐time RT‐PCR assay. ORF5 sequencing confirmed the real‐time RT‐PCR results that 2, 6, 27 and 57 of the 92 sequences were PRRSV1, CA‐PRRSV2, NL‐PRRSV2 and HP‐PRRSV2, respectively. This study provides promising alternative tools for simultaneous detection and differentiation of PRRSV circulating in Chinese swine herds.

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“…In 1996, PRRSV was first isolated in mainland China and was named as CH‐1a (Guo, Chen, Liu, & Cui, ). In 2006, a highly pathogenic PRRS (HP‐PRRS) induced by a variant PRRSV emerged in China, which caused great losses to the pig industry (An et al., ; Bai et al., ; Guo et al., ; Li et al., ; Tian et al., ; Tong et al., ). At present, variation and diversity of PRRSV has become a large threat for the global pig industry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The emergence of a highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus with additional 120aa deletion in Nsp2 region in Jiangxi, China

Wang

et al. 2018

Transbound Emerg Dis

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Highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (HP-PRRS), which emerged in China in 2006, was characterized by high fever, high morbidity and high mortality. The causative agent of the disease was a highly pathogenic variant of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (also called HP-PRRSV), which has a discontinuous deletion of 1 + 29 amino acids (aa) in the Nsp2 coding region, compared to classical PRRSV. In 2014, fattened pigs on a pig farm in Jiangxi Province suffered from clinical symptoms of high fever, dyspnoea and death. A PRRSV, termed JX2014T2, was isolated from samples of the dead pigs. Genomic analysis of the isolated PRRSV indicated that the genome of the virus was 14,960 bp in length and belonged to the North American genotype. In the Nsp2-coding region, there was a discontinuous deletion of 1 + 29 aa, similar to HP-PRRSV; however, an additional continuous deletion of 120 amino acids between aa 628 and 747 was found. Further analysis of the pathogenicity of PRRSV JX2014T2 was performed in piglets, and the results indicated that all infected piglets suffered from typical clinical symptoms of PRRS, such as high fever, cough, mental depression, anorexia, dyspnoea and palpebral swelling and died within 15 days postinfection (dpi). This demonstrated that the newly isolated PRRSV JX2014T2 strain containing an additional deletion of 120 aa is highly pathogenic to piglets, suggesting that a highly pathogenic variant with new genetic features is circulating in China.

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Commercial vaccines provide limited protection to NADC30-like PRRSV infection

Cited by 71 publications

References 15 publications

Isobavachalcone inhibits post-entry stages of the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus life cycle

Isobavachalcone inhibits post-entry stages of the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus life cycle

Development of universal and quadruplex real‐time RT‐PCR assays for simultaneous detection and differentiation of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses

The emergence of a highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus with additional 120aa deletion in Nsp2 region in Jiangxi, China

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