Components of Test Weight in Soft Wheat¹

Abstract

Kernel density, a component of test weight, is not associated with variety when considering Eastern soft wheats Triticum aestivum L. em Thell. (aestivum group), but seems to be related to environment. Air spaces within the grain appear to be a major factor in determining kernel density.Packing efficiency (the percent of bulk volume occupied by grain), the second component of test weight, is associated with variety. Grain shape and surface characteristics such as humping, dorsal or lateral depressions, and wrinkling, cause variations in void space ratio; hence they directly affect random packing efficiency.These conclusions were based on results with normal, well‐filled grain; any appreciable shriveling of grain confounds varietal and environmental effects.

Chemical and physical characteristics of different barley samples

“…This correlation may be explained by the fact that the presence of a hull leads to differences in, for example, density, grain shape and surface characteristics. 11,13,15 Starch content and fraction F4 were found to be negatively correlated for the barley samples examined in this study. This means that the barley samples with a high proportion of large grains (High amylose Glacier and SW 906129) had a lower content of starch than the other barley samples, which may be due to a restricted starch synthesis in these cultivars.…”

KERNEL MORPHOLOGY VARIATION IN A POPULATION DERIVED FROM A SOFT BY HARD WHEAT CROSS AND ASSOCIATIONS WITH END‐USE QUALITY TRAITS1

“…But PRO and TKW were not associated, thus suggesting that some component besides PRO, which also influences kernel density, created the association between DF and TKW. Others have reported similar phenotypic correlations between kernel density and PRO, but not between kernel density and TKW (Yamazaki and Briggle 1969;Schuler et al 1995).…”

“…197 1). Other studies have suggested that variation in TW is primarily related to differences in WID, kernel thickness, LEN to WID ratio and kernel packing efficiency (Shuey 1960;Merkle et al 1969;, while some have reported low to no association between kernel morphological traits and TW (Yamazaki and Briggle 1969;Schuler et ul. 1994).…”

Nitrogen fertilization effects on grain quality of durum wheat (<i>Triticum turgidum</i> L. var. durum) varieties in central Ethiopia

“…Yamazki and Briggle (1969) reported that grain shape is associated with packing efficiency while the environment where the crop is grown mostly affects kernel density [36]. Budak (2000) also confirmed that Kernel shriveling due to drought stress during grain filling period of wheat results in decreasing test weight and grain yield [37].…”