Cross‐sectional analysis of the implant–abutment interface

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to develop a technique to evaluate the implant-abutment gap of an external hexagon implant system as a function of radius. Six implants of 3.75 mm in diameter (Conexao Sistema de Protese Ltda, Sao Paulo, Brazil) and their respective abutments were screw connected and torqued to 20 N cm(-1). The implants were mounted in epoxy assuring an implant long-axis position perpendicular to the vertical axis. Each implant was grounded through its thickness parallel to implant long-axis at six different distance interval. Implant-abutment gap distances were recorded along the implant-abutment region for each section. Individual measurements were related to their radial position through trigonometric inferences. A sixth degree polynomial line fit approach determined radial adaptation patterns for each implant. Micrographs along implant sections showed a approximately 300 mum length implant-abutment engagement region. All implants presented communication between external and internal regions through connection gaps and inaccurate implant-abutment alignment. Average gap distances were not significantly different between implants (P > 0.086). Polynomial lines showed implant-abutment gap values below 10 mum from 0 mum to approximately 250 mum of the implant-abutment engagement region. Gap distances significantly increased from approximately 250 mum to the outer radius of the implant-abutment engagement region. The technique described provided a broader scenario of the implant-abutment gap adaptation compared with previous work concerning implant-abutment gap determination, and should be considered for better understanding mechanical aspects or biological effects of implant-abutment adaptation on peri-implant tissues.

A comparative study of gold UCLA-type and CAD/CAM titanium implant abutments

“…The other is to study the adaptation as a function of radius for more accuracy 14. According to Coelho, using the ground sections observed under a microscope at ×1000 magnification, adaptation values of interface as a function of radius were measured 15. The average gap distances found for all implants were constantly below 10 µm to the outer radius similar to previously published data.…”

A single dose of zoledronic acid reverses the deleterious effects of glucocorticoids on titanium implant osseointegration

“…After trichotomy, the skin was cleansed and an incision of approximately 2 cm was made, exposing the bone by blunt dissection. A unicortical implant bed was prepared and a screw-type pure titanium implant [23] with rough surface (porosity of 1-2 μm), 8.5 mm in length, and 3.75 mm in diameter (Conexão Sistema de Protese Ltd., porous implant treated with acid twice through electrochemical deposition) was placed until the screw thread was completely introduced perpendicularly into the bone cortex. Soft tissues were replaced and sutured.…”

Sealing Capability and SEM Observation of the Implant-Abutment Interface

“…Direct observations of the implant-abutment interface have also been performed by X-ray [42], scanning electron microscopy (SEM) [43, 44], and optical microscopy [45]. Another possibility is the cross-sectional analysis and evaluation of the misfit made as a function of implant radius, which allows a more comprehensive observation of the adaptation along the implant-abutment interface [46]. However, the evaluation of implant-abutment sealing capability followed by SEM direct observation has not been addressed to date.…”