Double Layer Composite Electrode Strategy for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells with Excellent Reverse-Bias Stability

Abstract

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have become the representatives of next generation of photovoltaics; nevertheless, their stability is insufficient for large scale deployment, particularly the reverse bias stability. Here, we propose a transparent conducting oxide (TCO) and low-cost metal composite electrode to improve the stability of PSCs without sacrificing the efficiency. The TCO can block ion migrations and chemical reactions between the metal and perovskite, while the metal greatly enhances the conductivity of the composite electrode. As a result, composite electrode-PSCs achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 23.7% (certified 23.2%) and exhibited excellent stability, maintaining 95% of the initial PCE when applying a reverse bias of 4.0 V for 60 s and over 92% of the initial PCE after 1000 h continuous light soaking. This composite electrode strategy can be extended to different combinations of TCOs and metals. It opens a new avenue for improving the stability of PSCs.

Efficient Semi-Transparent Wide-Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cells Enabled by Pure-Chloride 2D-Perovskite Passivation

“…Additionally, most of the reported high-performance WBG-PSCs were fabricated using noble metal as the back electrode, but transparent electrodes are required for tandem solar cells. It is also worth mentioning that the transparent electrode has excellent reverse-bias stability [ 40 ].…”

Recent Advances in Wide-Bandgap Organic–Inorganic Halide Perovskite Solar Cells and Tandem Application

“…PSCs present a typical sandwich structure, including perovskite layer, ETL/HTLs, charge buffer layers and electrodes. The multi-stacked structure means various interfacial contacts [ 200 , 201 ]. The properties of these interfaces directly affect the charge transportation and non-radiative recombination, which are vital for the high-performance PSCs [ 202 ].…”

Review on Chemical Stability of Lead Halide Perovskite Solar Cells

“…As one of the sustainable clean energy sources, photovoltaic technology has been developed vigorously in recent decades. Among them, lead halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) stand out due to their rapidly increasing power conversion efficiency (PCE), and are currently considered as the most encouraging and promising candidate for the next generation photovoltaic technology [ 1 – 7 ]. In a PSC, the active light-harvesting materials are generally metal halide perovskites with a structural formula of ABX 3 (A: monovalent cation, CH 3 NH 3 + , HC(NH 2 ) 2 + , Cs + ; B: divalent metal cation, Pb 2+ , Sn 2+ ; X: halide anion, I − , Br − , Cl − ) [ 8 – 11 ], which are responsible for converting the incident sunlight into free carriers in the devices, therefore playing a crucial role in the conversion of energy.…”