Effect of cigarette smoking on liver function test and some other related parameters

Abstract

Background and objective:Cigarette smoking is one of the 10 greatest contributors to global death and disease. Cigarette smoke consists of many chemicals, including cytotoxic, carcinogenic and free radicals, therefore it affects many organs if not all.This work is directed to evaluate the effects of dose response patterns of tobacco exposure on liver tissue, through assessing some serum biochemical parameters related with liver efficiency. Methods: This study was done in Kirkuk province. It was conducted on (110) healthy male subjects, their ages ranged from 20 to 40 years. They were divided into three groups; 40 heavy smokers, 30 moderate smokers and 40 non-smokers. Blood was withdrawn for estimation of serum liver function test, lipid profile, protein electrophoresis, and lipid peroxidation test (Serum Malondialdehyde; MAD level). Results: There were statistically significant elevations in serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine transaminase(GPT) and aspartate aminotransferase(GOT) activities in heavy smokers while serum total bilirubin significantly was lower comparing to non smokers. Serum total protein and albumin were significantly lower in heavy smokers comparing to non smokers. The results of serum protein agarose gel-electrohporesis showed significant changes in serum protein fractions in smoker groups. The mean level of serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, VLDL and malondialdehyde was significantly higher in heavy smoker group, while serum HDL level had a significantly lower value. Conclusion: Cigarette smoking can affect liver efficiency and functions. These effects are dose exposure depenent. Keywords: Cigarette smoking, Liver function test, Liver enzymes, MAD, Lipid profile.

The Effect of Curcuma Zedoaria (Berg.) Roscoe Extract on Liver Function Tests of Rattus norvergicus Exposure by Cigarette Smoke

“…Evaluation of the level of total protein in smokers tends to be lower than non-smokers. Although the increasing level of oxidative stress due to cigarette-smoke exposure proved to stimulate more proteins production for rebalancing [26], higher oxidation of the albumin also rapidly cleared from the circulation and degraded [27]. In this study, total protein in the blood of cigarette smoke-rat groups and non-cigarette smoke groups showed nearly similar levels (Figure 2A).…”

Risk factors of severe hepatotoxicity among HIV-1 infected individuals initiated on highly active antiretroviral therapy in the Northwest Region of Cameroon

“…Cigarette smoking has significantly been associated with increased levels of ALP and to a lesser extent AST and ALT [ 17 , 26 – 28 ]. In this study, however, no significant effect on the liver enzymes was observed contrary to previous studies [ 26 ].…”

“…The observed high levels of liver enzymes as associated with hepatocellular damage resulting out of the production of numerous toxins like. nicotine that causes lipid peroxidation propagation which in return damages the biological cell membrane of the liver, or the increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α that results in liver cell injury [ 28 – 30 ].Smoking has also been shown to further aggravate the pathogenic effects on theliver during the processing of alcohol and medications [ 10 , 27 , 30 ]. In addition, smoking could decrease CD4 + T cells count and lowering of BMI hence a minor risk to liver toxicity [ 17 , 29 ].…”

EFEK PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK ETANOL RIMPANG TEMU PUTIH (Curcuma zedoaria (Berg.) Roscoe) TERHADAP PERUBAHAN KADAR PROTEIN TOTAL DAN ALKALI FOSFATASE PADA TIKUS (Rattus norvegicus) YANG DIPAPARKAN ASAP ROKOK

“…Pada penelitian sebelumnya diketahui bahwa terdapat perbedaan signifikan rata-rata kadar protein total pada orang perokok dan tidak perokok (p <0,001), serta diketahui kadar protein total pada perokok pasif lebih besar 13% secara signifikan daripada perokok aktif (7,8). Beberapa penelitian pada manusia menunjukkan peningkatan yang signifikan secara statistik pada kadar dalam alkali fosfatase dan beberapa enzim lainnya pada perokok aktif, serta dapat memperburuk efek patogenik alkohol pada hati (9,10).…”