Effectiveness of Video Prompting Delivered via Augmented Reality for Teaching Transition-Related Math Skills to Adults With Intellectual Disabilities

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a video-based instruction packet for teaching math-based vocational skills delivered through augmented reality (AR) to three adults with intellectual disabilities. The dependent variable was the percentage of steps performed correctly to solve each selected type of math problem. The independent variable was the video-based math intervention delivered via AR, which modeled the individual steps for solving three different multistep math problems: (1) adjusting a recipe to serve a different number of people, (2) calculating salary, and (3) calculating unit prices. Visual and statistical analyses demonstrated a functional relationship between the video-based math intervention and an increase in the percentage of steps completed correctly for each type of problem. All three participants showed significant gains immediately after receiving the intervention and maintained the learned skills following withdrawal of the intervention. Implications for practitioners and further research are discussed.

The Utilization of Augmented Reality Technology for Sustainable Skill Development for People with Special Needs: A Systematic Literature Review

“…It has been observed that the single-subject study design structure was largely adopted to change individuals' behaviors. This approach has either single baselines [57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64] or multiple baselines [10,[65][66][67][68][69][70] with the intervention phase for the same group. The single-subject design was implemented to investigate the change in an individual's behaviors within a small group [57].…”

“…There are different types of disability in terms of causes, consequences or the effects they produce- AR can assist people with special needs in the sustainable development of a wide range of different applications, such as improving skill acquisition, learning performance, rehabilitation and training individuals to solve difficult tasks and to be more independent in daily life [9]. AR technology can be used as an assistive technology and an instructional tool to support learners with special needs in a sustainable learning environment, each according to his or her disability [10]. However, AR adoption comes with several challenges and barriers.…”

“…The individuals suffer from different types of disabilities. The disability categories that have been covered by the study, which can be seen in Table 5, include Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) [53,54,64,65,72,78,79], Intellectual Disabilities (ID) [10,58,59,70,80], Learning Disabilities (LD) [57,76], Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) [55,75,81], Cognitive Impairments and Disorders (CI) [52,69,82], Physical and Motor Disabilities (PD) [51,60,62], Hearing Impairments (HI) [71], Neurodevelopmental Disorders (ND) and Down Syndrome (DS) [83], Small Animal Phobias (SAP) [61,63,84,85], Short Term Memory (STM) [86,87] and Mental Ability (MA) [88], as shown in Figure 5.…”

“…The reviewed studies have shown that various AR technology tools and techniques have been implemented for intervention training or skill acquisition, as shown in Figure 6. Some of the reviewed studies build AR simulations using 3D digital objects [51,54,65,77,83], and AR video-based applications [10,79]. Moreover, the game-based concept was very common [58,60,72,75], especially when the targeted population were children.…”

How Does the Use of the Augmented Reality Technology in Mathematics Education Affect Learning Processes?: A Systematic Review

“…In another experimental study comparing the effects of the traditional methods and AR applications, it was found that students had a positive learning attitude; their success increased, and their reasoning abilities developed (Cai, 2018). In the light of all these findings, it can be stated that the AR technology has significant potential in mathematics education (Kellems et al 2020). Consequently, AR is a highly attention-grabbing technology in terms of the learning environments it provides to students due to its visualizing abstract concepts.…”