Effects of feedback on eye typing with a short dwell time

Majaranta, Päivi; Aula, Anne; Räihä, Kari-Jouko

doi:10.1145/968363.968390

Cited by 53 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Eyegaze typing has been studied in applications for users with disabilities [cog 2005], and off-the-shelf cameras have been incorporated into such typing systems [Hansen and Hansen 2004], which with very large on screen buttons have achieved typing speeds of 3-5 words per minute. Another "typing by eye" project explores the effect of different feedback on modes with a short dwell time -as low as 300 ms [Majaranta et al 2004].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Improving hands-free menu selection using eyegaze glances and fixations

Tien

Atkins

2008

Proceedings of the 2008 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research &Amp; Applications - ETRA '08

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A real-time eyegaze selection interface was implemented using a Tobii eyegaze tracking monitor. A hierarchical button menu was displayed on the screen and specified selections were made by eyegaze fixations and glances on the menu widgets. The initial version tested three different spatial layouts of the menu widgets and employed a dwell + glance method of selection. Results from the pilot interface led to usability improvements in the second version of the interface. Selections were activated using a glance + dwell method. The usability of the second study interface received a positive response from all 8 participants. Each selection gained more than a 100% speed increase using the revised interface.A more intuitive selection interface in the second study allowed us to test users selection accuracy at faster dwell selection thresholds. Users quickly learned to achieve accurate selections in 180 ms, but made errors when selections occurred in 150 ms.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our work describes a novel 2-step interface using feedback and relatively large buttons based on [Ohno 1998;Majaranta et al 2004] to explore the limits of speed for dwell based selection, and the tradeoffs between speed and accuracy where selection times of 150 ms were found possible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving hands-free menu selection using eyegaze glances and fixations

Tien

Atkins

2008

Proceedings of the 2008 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research &Amp; Applications - ETRA '08

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“…However, there is little research on design issues [16]. The authors' work [17,18,19] is an attempt to partly fill this gap. Such work investigated how feedback can facilitate the tedious [5] eye typing task.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of feedback and dwell time on eye typing speed and accuracy

Majaranta

MacKenzie

Aula

et al. 2006

Univ Access Inf Soc

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113

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Eye typing provides a means of communication that is especially useful for people with disabilities. However, most related research addresses technical issues in eye typing systems, and largely ignores design issues. This paper reports experiments studying the impact of auditory and visual feedback on user performance and experience. Results show that feedback impacts typing speed, accuracy, gaze behavior, and subjective experience. Also, the feedback should be matched with the dwell time. Short dwell times require simplified feedback to support the typing rhythm, whereas long dwell times allow extra information on the eye typing process. Both short and long dwell times benefit from combined visual and auditory feedback. Six guidelines for designing feedback for gaze-based text entry are provided.

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“…The dwell time required to activate the function nullifies the speed benefits resulting from the proverbial fast eye movements. Typically, dwell time adds about 500 to 1000 milliseconds to the overall interaction time [11], and results in pointing tasks that take longer than with a traditional mouse. Shortening the dwell time is not a viable solution, since it results in an increase in accidental function invocations by just looking at the screen.…”

Section: Eye-gaze Interfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The MAGIC Touch: Combining MAGIC-Pointing with a Touch-Sensitive Mouse

Drewes¹,

Schmidt²

2009

Lecture Notes in Computer Science

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Abstract.In this paper, we show how to use the combination of eye-gaze and a touch-sensitive mouse to ease pointing tasks in graphical user interfaces. A touch of the mouse positions the mouse pointer at the current gaze position of the user. Thus, the pointer is always at the position where the user expects it on the screen. This approach changes the user experience in tasks that include frequent switching between keyboard and mouse input (e.g. working with spreadsheets). In a user study, we compared the touch-sensitive mouse with a traditional mouse and observed speed improvements for pointing tasks on complex backgrounds. For pointing task on plain backgrounds, performances with both devices were similar, but users perceived the gaze-sensitive interaction of the touch-sensitive mouse as being faster and more convenient. Our results show that using a touchsensitive mouse that positions the pointer on the user's gaze position reduces the need for mouse movements in pointing tasks enormously.

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Effects of feedback on eye typing with a short dwell time

Cited by 53 publications

References 13 publications

Improving hands-free menu selection using eyegaze glances and fixations

Improving hands-free menu selection using eyegaze glances and fixations

Effects of feedback and dwell time on eye typing speed and accuracy

The MAGIC Touch: Combining MAGIC-Pointing with a Touch-Sensitive Mouse

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