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RESUMO:Hyptis leucocephala e Hyptis platanifolia (Lamiaceae) são espécies aromáticas endêmicas do semiárido nordestino e possuem grande importância econômica devido ao seu potencial medicinal. O Palavras-chave: Meios de cultura, Estabelecimento in vitro, Esterilização química, Crescimento in vitro.ABSTRACT: In vitro germination of Hyptis leucocephala Mart. ex Benth. and Hyptis platanifolia Mart. ex Benth. The Hyptis leucocephala and Hyptis platanifolia (Lamiaceae) are aromatic species, endemic to the Brazilian Semiarid northeast, and they have great economic importance becaude of their pharmacological potential. This study aimed to obtain the protocol for the in vitro establishment of H. leucocephala and H. platanifolia plants. The WPM promoted higher germination percentage (96.81%) for H. leucocephala, but there was no difference between the results obtained in ½MS, in the last week of cultivation. For the germination of H. platanifolia, ½MS was the one that provided the highest percentage (40.83%). The type of sterilization did not affect the in vitro germination of both species. For the H. platanifolia species, when we closed the tubes with a cotton plug, hyperhydricity was eliminated, but the percentage of seed germination was the lowest one. Evaluating the type of culture medium on the in vitro growth of H. leucocephala, it did not influence the number of shoots, length of shoot or root dry matter. The MS medium promoted an increase of the number of leaves, dry shoot and longest root length, and the ½MS medium was more suitable for root induction. The optimal culture medium for the germination of H. leucocephala and H. platanifolia is ½MS, as it can be sterilized with sodium hypochlorite, while the MS was the best culture medium for the in vitro growth of H. leucocephala.
RESUMO:Hyptis leucocephala e Hyptis platanifolia (Lamiaceae) são espécies aromáticas endêmicas do semiárido nordestino e possuem grande importância econômica devido ao seu potencial medicinal. O Palavras-chave: Meios de cultura, Estabelecimento in vitro, Esterilização química, Crescimento in vitro.ABSTRACT: In vitro germination of Hyptis leucocephala Mart. ex Benth. and Hyptis platanifolia Mart. ex Benth. The Hyptis leucocephala and Hyptis platanifolia (Lamiaceae) are aromatic species, endemic to the Brazilian Semiarid northeast, and they have great economic importance becaude of their pharmacological potential. This study aimed to obtain the protocol for the in vitro establishment of H. leucocephala and H. platanifolia plants. The WPM promoted higher germination percentage (96.81%) for H. leucocephala, but there was no difference between the results obtained in ½MS, in the last week of cultivation. For the germination of H. platanifolia, ½MS was the one that provided the highest percentage (40.83%). The type of sterilization did not affect the in vitro germination of both species. For the H. platanifolia species, when we closed the tubes with a cotton plug, hyperhydricity was eliminated, but the percentage of seed germination was the lowest one. Evaluating the type of culture medium on the in vitro growth of H. leucocephala, it did not influence the number of shoots, length of shoot or root dry matter. The MS medium promoted an increase of the number of leaves, dry shoot and longest root length, and the ½MS medium was more suitable for root induction. The optimal culture medium for the germination of H. leucocephala and H. platanifolia is ½MS, as it can be sterilized with sodium hypochlorite, while the MS was the best culture medium for the in vitro growth of H. leucocephala.
Optimization of a protocol for the micropropagation of olive tree cv. Ascolano 315Micropropagation can be a viable technique for the multiplication of olive trees. The objective of this work was to induce multiplication in explants of olive tree. Nodal segments with 2 cm length, without leaves, derived from in vitro plantlets of cultivar Ascolano 315 were excised and inoculated in test tubes. The tubes contained 15 mL of OM (Olive medium) culture medium supplemented with 2 g L -1 of activated charcoal, 4 concentrations of 6-benzilaminopurin (BAP) and 4 concentrations of coconut water and solidified with 5.5 g L -1 of agar. The pH was adjusted to 5.8 before medium sterilization at 121ºC and 1 atm for 20 min. The experimental design was complete randomized in a 4 x 4 factorial scheme. The explants were kept in a growth room 25±1ºC, light intensity of 32 ì mol m -2 s -1 and photoperiod of 16 hours, for 70 days. The culture medium OM added of 1.0 mg L -1 of BAP and 100 mL L -1 of coconut water provided the greatest length and biomass of the aerial part. The largest number of roots was obtained with 0.5 mg L -1 of BAP associated with 25 mL L -1 of coconut water.
RESUMO -Os objetivos deste trabalho foram estabelecer in vitro as cultivares de oliveira 'Arbequina' e 'Maria da Fé' e avaliar a influência das tampas com membranas permeáveis a gases na morfogênese in vitro dessas cultivares. Inocularam-se segmentos nodais com gemas previamente descontaminadas pelo protocolo aqui desenvolvido. Utilizaram-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado (DIC) em esquema fatorial 2 3 , duas cultivares; dois meios de cultura OM (Olive medium) (OM + 20 µM de zeatina [1]; e OM + 20 µM de zeatina + 10 µM de GA 3 [2]); dois tipos de vedação (tampa rígida sem orifício e com membrana porosa) com cinco repetições/ tratamento; e a unidade experimental constituída por quatro tubos de ensaio. Avaliaram-se: a porcentagem de contaminação total; a porcentagem de contaminação fúngica e bacteriana; o número de gemas intumescidas; o número de brotos; e a porcentagem de oxidação. Aos 30 dias de cultivo, constatou-se a contaminação de 15% e 8,8% dos explantes de 'Arbequina' e 'Maria da Fé', respectivamente. Em 'Arbequina', 33,3% e 66,7% ocorreram por contaminação fúngica e bacteriana, respectivamente. Em 'Maria da Fé', 28,6% e 71,4% decorreram de contaminação fúngica e bacteriana, respectivamente. O número de gemas foi superior (p<0,05) em 'Arbequina', comparativamente à 'Maria da Fé', quando se utilizou tampa com membrana porosa para vedar os frascos. Em tampa rígida não houve diferença entre cultivares. O número de brotos no meio 1 foi superior estatisticamente (p<0,05) ao no meio 2. Não houve diferença estatística em porcentagem de oxidação. Sugere-se a utilização do protocolo de desinfestação aqui desenvolvido, como também do meio 1 e tampas com membranas porosas, pois isso favorecerá o desenvolvimento das gemas e a posterior formação de plantas.Palavras-chave: 'Arbequina', 'Maria da Fé', Membranas porosas, Reguladores de crescimento. GAS EXCHANGE AFFECTS in vitro MORPHOGENESIS OF TWO OLIVE CULTIVARS (Olea europaea L.)ABSTRACT -The objectives of this work were to establish cultivars of Olea europaea L., namely 'Arbequina' and 'Maria da Fé', and to
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