Euclidean Distance Distortion Based Robust and Blind Mesh Watermarking

Abstract

-The three-dimensional (3D) polygonal meshes are recently widely used in several domains, which necessitate the realistic visualization of the objects. Moreover, there is an urgent need to protect the 3D data properties for preventing unauthorized reproduction. The 3D digital watermarking technology is one of the best solutions to protect data from piracy during transmission through the internet. The current work proposed a novel robust watermarking scheme of polygonal meshes for copyright protection purposes. The proposed algorithm is based on the characteristics of the mesh geometry to embed a sequence of data bits into the object by slightly adjusting the vertex positions. Furthermore, the proposed method used a blind detection scheme. The watermarked model is perceptually indistinguishable from the original one and the embedded watermark is invariant to affine transformation. Through simulations, the quality of the watermarked object as well as the inserted watermark robustness against various types of attacks were tested and evaluated to prove the validity and the efficiency of our algorithm.

A robust blind 3-D mesh watermarking based on wavelet transform for copyright protection

“…In order to further evaluate the imperceptibility of our method, we compare it with the scheme in [18]. The obtained results prove the high imperceptibility of the proposed technique compared with [17], [18] and [19]. Table II sketches the comparison of imperceptibility in terms of MSDM for Horse.…”

“…The robust watermark is able to resist common geometric attacks. In [18], Yesmine et al proposed a blind robust watermarking method for Copyright protection where the watermark bits are embedded by quantizing the Euclidean distance between the mass center of the mesh and the selected vertices. Recently, a robust blind 3-D watermarking method based on multiresolution adaptive parametrization of surface has been proposed [19].…”

Copyright Protection of 3D Digitized Artistic Sculptures by Adding Unique Local Inconspicuous Errors by Sculptors

“…The watermark is reliable in the case of a wide variety of attacks such as vertex reordering, noise addition, similarity transforms, cropping, smoothing, simplification, and insertion of a second watermark. Methods that are based on readjustment of the distances from the mesh faces to the mesh center calculate the distance from the face center to the mesh center as Euclidean distance [23,24].…”

“…To analyze the protection of 3D models, we have researched on the Internet a number of techniques for sharing 3D models in a safe and secure way. One of the ways that are often mentioned is watermark [14,[20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. In this research, we will use an example of a sculpture to describe and present our conceptual solution for the protection of 3D models created by 3D digitization of cultural heritage (i.e., 3D models in general) from misuse and copying.…”

Editor's Note

“…Next article, authored by Amar et al [8], proposes a solution to protect the intellectual property of 3D objects. Digital watermarking is one of the best methods for data protection and authors propose a robust and blind watermarking algorithm.…”