“…Many methods have been explored for the detection of miRNAs (Deng, et al, 2014;Degliangeli, et al, 2014;Roy, et al, 2011;Driskell, et al, 2008), but they are mostly too expensive and time consuming, requiring specialised laboratory equipments, and tedious incubation steps (Wen et al, 2012). Research has also been carried out with implementing silicon nanowire technology and some progresses has been made (Qavi, et al, 2011;Densmore, et al, 2009;Pandraud,et al, 2000;Ymeti, et al, 2005;Zhang, 2013). The development of "lab on a chip" photonic biosensors with high sensitivity of detection, capable of detecting disease-associated miRNAs, would be beneficial as an effective tool for the early-stage diagnosis of various disesases, especially cancers, as miRNAs are well preserved in various human specimens, including urine (Waber et al, 2010).…”