Genetic polymorphisms of the 5' untranslated regions of the HSP70 gene in Indonesian cattle populations

Abstract

Background and Aim: Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are a group of proteins that play a significant role in protecting cells against cellular stress. HSP70 is a conserved, sensitive, and abundant gene associated with heat stress's physiological adaptability. The objective of this study was to reveal the polymorphisms of the partial sequences of the HSP70 gene (5' untranslated region [UTR]) in seven cattle populations in Indonesia. Materials and Methods: Polymerase chain reaction products (551 bp) of the HSP70 gene amplified from 102 animals representing seven cattle populations (Bali, Belgian Blue × Peranakan Ongole [PO] cross, Galekan, Jabres, Madura, PO, and Rambon) were sequenced by DNA sequencing method. Results: Fourteen single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), generally found at a low frequency, were detected. Among these SNPs, only 1117G>A, 1125A>C, and 1204T>C were polymorphic in all the analyzed breeds. A Chi-square test showed that the majority of the loci were in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (p>0.05). Varying levels of observed (0.050-0.571) and expected heterozygosity (0.049-0.500) were noted. The polymorphism information content values (0.048-0.375) indicated that the SNPs in the HSP70 gene showed low-to-moderate polymorphism in the studied populations. Thirty-six haplotypes were defined according to the identified SNPs, of which haplotype Hap5 (CGACGAGAGTGTCC) and Hap4 (CGACGAGAGTGCCC) were generally dominant in the studied samples. The phylogenetic tree showed a close relationship between Bali and Rambon cattle and between Galekan and Jabres cattle, while the Belgian Blue × PO crossbred cattle were farther apart. Conclusion: The polymorphisms in the 5' UTR of the HSP70 gene identified in this study should be further investigated in a larger population to unravel the association between the SNPs and thermotolerance in Indonesian local cattle populations.

Association of selected gene polymorphisms with thermotolerance traits in cattle – A review

“…Among these SNPs, SNP G1045A, T1134C, and T1204C have been associated with the serum concentration of T3 and IGF-I and body condition [ 47 , 48 ], while the SNP A1125C was associated with calving percentages in crossbred Brahman cows [ 48 ]. The SNP G1076A identified by Prihandini et al [ 46 ] in Indonesian cattle breeds was also observed in South African Nguni crossbred cattle [ 49 ]. Six SNPs in the HSP70 gene, including G1045A, G1117A, A1125C, G1128T, T1134C, and T1204C, have been identified in some cattle populations from different countries [ 46 , 50 – 52 ].…”

“…The SNP G1076A identified by Prihandini et al [ 46 ] in Indonesian cattle breeds was also observed in South African Nguni crossbred cattle [ 49 ]. Six SNPs in the HSP70 gene, including G1045A, G1117A, A1125C, G1128T, T1134C, and T1204C, have been identified in some cattle populations from different countries [ 46 , 50 – 52 ]. Of the six SNPs, SNP G1128T has been associated with cell viability and gene expression of the HSP70.1 gene in Holstein cattle, in which heterozygous animals showed higher cell viability (p<0.05) and gene expression (p<0.001) compared to homozygous GG [ 50 ].…”

“…Prihandini et al [ 46 ] identified fourteen SNPs in the 5’-UTR of the HSP70 gene in several cattle breeds in Indonesia (Galekan, Bali, Jabres, Belgian Blue×Peranakan Ongole [PO] cross, Rambon, Madura, and PO). The SNPs included C1036T, G1045A, A1058G, C1069T, G1076A, A1096G, G1117A, A1125C, G1128T, T1134C, G1164T, T1204C, C1255T, and C1262T.…”

Genetic Diversity of Crossbred Cattle using Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit I (COI) Gene in South Sulawesi, Indonesia

“…The amplification conditions were as follows initial denaturation (95C for 5 mins), denaturation (95C for 45 sec with 35 cycles), annealing (60C for 45 sec), extension (72C for 60 sec) and final extension (72C for 5 mins). The PCR products were sequenced employing ABI 310 xL Genetic Analyser (Applied Biosystems, Inc) referred to Ansori et al (2021) and Prihandini et al (2022).…”

“…Since livestock producers in Indonesia rely heavily on cattle for their revenue, cattle are one of the most essential livestock products (Dakhlan et al, 2022;Kuswati et al, 2022;Pakpahan et al, 2022;Prihandini et al, 2022;Sudrajad et al, 2022). The productivity of Indonesian livestock, especially local cattle, is still relatively low and is a major problem that must be resolved immediately (Mayulu et al, 2010).…”