Growth Adaptation of Two Indonesian Black Rice Origin NTT Cultivating In Organic Paddy Field, Malang-East Java

Budiman, Budiman; Arisoesiloningsih, Endang; Wibowo, Ratno Bagus Edi

doi:10.11594/jtls.02.03.04

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…However, the other black rice named Wojalaka from Nusa Tenggara Timur Indonesia generated higher production of 6 t/ha. As other black rice variety, Wojalaka was 150 cm tall or 50 cm lower than Laka variety which could reach 200 cm (Budiman, Arisoesiloningsih, & Wibowo, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Induced Mutation for Genetic Improvement in Black Rice Using Gamma-Ray

Purwanto¹,

Nandariyah²,

Yuwono³

et al. 2019

Agrivita.J.Agr.Sci

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Black Rice is rice producing anthocyanin in high intensity and popularly consumed as functional food. Long harvesting age and low productivity are the inhibiting factors in black rice breeding. High plant crown potentially results in plant fall-down. Mutation induction is expected to be able to improve the character of black rice. Therefore, the objectives of this research were to get more early-ripening black rice mutant, with shorter plant crown and increase productivity by inducing mutation in three varieties of local black rice using gamma-ray radiation. This experiment employed three local varieties as the first factor comprised Cempo Ireng, Cempo Melik and Melik. The second factor was the gamma-ray radiation dose, consisting of 4 levels: without radiation, radiations at 100 Gy, 200 Gy and 300 Gy doses. The results indicated that Melik variety is very potential. Melik variety has shorter plant crown with a responsive character in number of tiller for higher productivity. Moreover, radiation significantly reduces the duration of flowering and harvesting. However, to achieve a more stable character and lower flowering and harvesting period, the radiation needs to be continued in the next generation. The doses of radiation produces a response that varies in both morphological and biochemical properties.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Induced Mutation for Genetic Improvement in Black Rice Using Gamma-Ray

Purwanto¹,

Nandariyah²,

Yuwono³

et al. 2019

Agrivita.J.Agr.Sci

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“…Therefore, the local farmers are not familiar and less willing to cultivate pigmented rice. Consequently, one of biological essences may be extinct in the immediate future [15] Plant morphologies, such as the form and structure of plant organs, are used as the main base to classify the plant or as a tool to understand the adaptation of plant to the environment. Besides, the morphologies of certain plants are very influential to the rice productivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological Variation of Six Pigmented Rice Local Varieties Grown in Organic Rice Field at Sengguruh Village, Kepanjen Subdistrict, Malang District

Shinta¹,

Indriyani²,

Arisoesilaningsih³

2014

JTLS

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Indonesia is the third richest country for pigmented rice source such as Wojalaka black rice of East Nusa Tenggara (NTT), Manggarai of NTT, Toraja of South Sulawesi, Cempo Ireng of Central Java and red rice of Aek Sibundong (leading variety) and Baubau of Southeast Sulawesi. However, the morphological character of pigmented rice in Indonesia is less reported. The objective of research was to compare the morphological variation of root, stem, leaf, panicle, floret and the colour of milk mature grain and mature grain by observing the vegetative and generative parts of six local rice varieties. Research had been conducted from February 2012 to February 2014 in Sengguruh Village, Kepanjen District, Malang Regency. This study type was quasi-experiment with eleven replications. Group Random Design was used. The observation was given upon vegetative, reproductive and maturity phases as groups. Independent variables in this study were six rice varieties, while the dependent variable was morphological variation (root, stem, leaf, panicle, floret, milk mature grain and mature grain). The analysis of multivariate data in cluster and biplot was carried out with PAST. The result of the study indicated that there was morphological difference on stem, leaf, panicle, floret, milk mature grain and mature grain. The colour of the stem in Aek Sibundong variety was purple, while that of other varieties was green. Toraja and Manggarai varieties had the highest height with 163-168 cm, followed by Cempo Ireng with 139 cm, Wojalaka and Baubau with 110-112 cm. Aek Sibundong Variety had the lowest height with 99 cm. Aek Sibundong and Wojalaka varieties had 6-7 internodes which were the greatest number of internode, while other varieties only had 4-5 internodes. Some varieties, such as Aek Sibundong, Wojalaka and Baubau had short and small leaf. The leaflet angle of Aek Sibundong and Baubau were 14 o and it might be said as upright, while that of Wojalaka was 43 o or moderate. Cempo Ireng, Manggarai and Toraja had its 63-88 o of the leaflet angle or it was said as flat. Cempo Ireng and Wojalaka were included into Rice Indica Group while Toraja, Manggarai, Cempo Ireng and Baubau belonged to Rice Javanica Group. There were two morphological groups. Group 1 included Toraja, Manggarai and Cempo Ireng, while Group 2 consisted of Aek Sibundong, Baubau and Wojalaka.

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“…Beras yang populer di kalangan petani ialah beras putih dengan tinggi tanaman kurang dari 1 m dan berumur genjah. Menurut Budiman et al (2012), jangka waktu tumbuh yang panjang menyebabkan budi daya padi beras merah di Indonesia kurang berkembang. Postur padi beras merah lokal yang dapat mencapai 2 m ditambah umur tanaman lebih dari 6 bulan membuat petani enggan membudidayakannya.…”

Section: Koleksi Dan Pemanfaatan Plasma Nutfah Padi Beras Merah DI Bbunclassified

Peran Konservasi dan Karakterisasi Plasma Nutfah Padi Beras Merah dalam Pemuliaan Tanaman

Afza¹

2017

J. Litbang Pert.

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ABSTRAKKarakteristik padi beras merah yang memiliki umur dalam (lebih dari 134 hari) dan postur tanaman yang tinggi (rata-rata 164 cm) menyebabkan preferensi petani untuk membudidayakan padi beras merah cenderung menurun. Menurut hasil penelitian, beras merah mengandung antioksidan yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan beras putih serta dianjurkan untuk diet gula. Saat ini hanya sebagian kecil plasma nutfah padi beras merah yang ditanam secara luas untuk memenuhi kebutuhan, khususnya kalangan masyarakat yang makin menyadari keutamaan kandungan gizi beras merah. Sementara sebagian besar plasma nutfah padi beras merah tidak ditanam secara terus-menerus sehingga akan mengalami erosi genetik. Oleh karena itu, Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian sebagai lembaga yang memiliki mandat pelestarian tanaman pangan, terus melakukan konservasi ex-situ. Hingga kini 54 varietas/galur padi beras merah telah dikumpulkan melalui eksplorasi dari hampir seluruh daerah di Indonesia dan telah dikarakterisasi. Dengan adanya keragaman genetik padi beras merah yang berasal dari berbagai daerah di tanah air, diharapkan program pemuliaan tanaman dapat berjalan sesuai dengan tujuan. (De Guzman 2012). Secara garis besar, ada tiga jenis warna beras, yaitu beras merah (red rice), beras hitam (black rice), dan beras putih (white rice), tetapi sebagian besar beras yang dikonsumsi ialah beras putih (Chaudhary 2003). Keragaman warna beras bergantung pada pigmen warna, khususnya antosianin pada lapisan perikarp, kulit biji (seed coat) atau aleuron.Padi beras merah jarang dibudidayakan petani di Indonesia karena umurnya panjang (rata-rata 134 hari) dan morfologi tanamannya tinggi (rata-rata 164 cm) sehingga mudah rebah (Silitonga 2015). Beras merah juga jarang dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat Indonesia, padahal selain sebagai sumber karbohidrat, beras merah merupakan pakan fungsional karena mengandung antosianin, suatu senyawa antioksidan yang dapat menangkal radikal bebas. Beras merah merupakan makanan pokok yang paling populer di Eropa, bahkan lebih populer dibandingkan dengan di daerah asalnya, yaitu Asia Tenggara (Simmons dan Williams 1997). Kementerian Kesehatan RI melaporkan beras merah tumbuk mengandung protein 7,3%, besi 4,2%, dan vitamin B1 0,34%. Beras merah juga mengandung karbohidrat, lemak, serat, asam folat, magnesium, niasin, fosfor, vitamin A dan C. Tepung beras merah pecah kulit dapat mencegah berbagai penyakit, di antaranya kanker usus, batu ginjal,

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Growth Adaptation of Two Indonesian Black Rice Origin NTT Cultivating In Organic Paddy Field, Malang-East Java

Cited by 12 publications

References 8 publications

Induced Mutation for Genetic Improvement in Black Rice Using Gamma-Ray

Induced Mutation for Genetic Improvement in Black Rice Using Gamma-Ray

Morphological Variation of Six Pigmented Rice Local Varieties Grown in Organic Rice Field at Sengguruh Village, Kepanjen Subdistrict, Malang District

Peran Konservasi dan Karakterisasi Plasma Nutfah Padi Beras Merah dalam Pemuliaan Tanaman

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