Isolation, identification of secondary metabolites from Salvia absconditiflora and evaluation of their antioxidative properties

Abstract

Salvia absconditiflora Greuter & Burdet (Synonym Salvia cryptanthaMontbret & Aucher ex Benth) has been used extensively for traditional medicine. The aerial of plant material was boiled in water then filtrated. The filtrate was partitioned with ethyl acetate and n-butanol sequentially to yield the ethyl acetate and n-butanol extract. A sample of water was lyophilized to yield the water extract. Ethyl acetate extract revealed the highest antioxidant activity and included the most phenolic compounds among the extracts. Hence, ethyl acetate extract was subjected to chromatographic techniques. Ursolic acid (1), crismaritin (2), luteolin (3), rosmarinic acid methyl ester (4), 3,4-dihydroxyl benzaldehyde (protocatechuic aldehyde) (5), caffeic acid (6), apigenin-7-O-β-glucoside (7), rosmarinic acid (8) and luteolin-7-O-β-glucoside (9) were isolated and the structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods including 1D, 2D NMR, and LC-TOF/MS. Cirsimaritin (2), luteolin (3), rosmarinic acid methyl ester (4), rosmarinic acid (8), luteolin-7-O-β-glucoside (9) displayed the considerable antioxidant activity.

Extraction Processes Affect the Composition and Bioavailability of Flavones from Lamiaceae Plants: A Comprehensive Review

“…In contrast, other polar solvents such as acetone and ethyl acetate are less used to extract these compounds [32,37,[93][94][95], while dichloromethane is even less common [96,97]. Furthermore, the use of hot water to extract flavones is generally used to simulate the usual way in which these plants are consumed (infusion or decoction), with good results found when obtaining apigenin and luteolin derivatives [90], and other flavones such as cirsimaritin [98]. To improve the separation of desired compounds, it is necessary to fractionate the extracts by subsequent extractions using solvents with different polarity or by column chromatography, as seen in the hot water extract of Salvia absconditiflora, which was sequentially fractionated with ethyl acetate and n-butanol, and was found to be rich in flavones in the ethyl acetate fraction [98].…”

“…Furthermore, the use of hot water to extract flavones is generally used to simulate the usual way in which these plants are consumed (infusion or decoction), with good results found when obtaining apigenin and luteolin derivatives [90], and other flavones such as cirsimaritin [98]. To improve the separation of desired compounds, it is necessary to fractionate the extracts by subsequent extractions using solvents with different polarity or by column chromatography, as seen in the hot water extract of Salvia absconditiflora, which was sequentially fractionated with ethyl acetate and n-butanol, and was found to be rich in flavones in the ethyl acetate fraction [98]. Similarly, the n-hexane extract of Salvia chloroleuca fractionated with ethyl acetate and methanol showed the first fraction as the best one to obtain these compounds.…”

Antioxidant Potential of Endemic Salvia absconditiflora

“…It spreads in rocky soils at altitudes between 700-2500 m. Flowering can be seen from May to August. It generally spreads on rocky limestone slopes, dry steppe, fallow fields, roadsides (Davis et al, 1982;Koysu et al, 2019). In our study, antioxidant potentials of S. absconditiflora collected from Nigde and Erzincan (Turkey) provinces were determined.…”

Phenolic Contents of Different Potato Genotypes Grown in the Central Northern Region in Turkey

“…Phenolic compounds, known as secondary metabolites, are complex molecules found in all plants and synthesized to protect them against bacteria, fungi, viruses, and insects (Dede et al, 2019;Koysu et al, 2019). According to their chemical structures, they are divided into groups as flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, phenolic acids, tannins, stilbenes, coumarins and lignans (Singh and Saldaña, 2011).…”