O Uso Dos Conceitos De Ocupação E Atividade Na Terapia Ocupacional: Uma Revisão Sistemática Da Literatura

Abstract

Resumo: Introdução: Os conceitos de ocupação e atividade são conceitos centrais para a Terapia Ocupacional, e vêm sendo utilizados diversamente ao longo do tempo, conforme o país, a cultura e o período histórico. Objetivo: O presente estudo tem como objetivo contribuir para o conhecimento do uso dos conceitos de atividade e ocupação na Terapia Ocupacional, na literatura internacional e nacional. Método: Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática de literatura sobre o tema. Resultados: A pesquisa na literatura explorou artigos completos publicados entre 2003 e 2013, totalizando 19 artigos incluídos nesta pesquisa. Os textos relatam a importância de um uso adequado das terminologias na Terapia Ocupacional, como um meio para fortalecer a profissão e promover a coerência nas pesquisas e na prática da Terapia Ocupacional. São descritas algumas das diferenças e semelhanças na utilização dos termos atividade e ocupação na literatura nacional e internacional. Verificou-se que tanto o termo atividade como o termo ocupação se referem a um fazer que é capaz de influenciar os processos de saúde e doença. Conclusão: A conceituação sobre os termos ocupação e atividade estão em processo de construção histórica, e serão necessárias mais pesquisas sobre o assunto para aprofundar o conhecimento sobre o tema. study. The texts report the importance of the adequate use of terminologies in occupational therapy as a means to strengthen the profession, and promote the coherence in the Occupational Therapy research and practice. A few differences and similarities in the use of the terms activity and occupation in the national and international literature are described. We noticed that the term activity as the term occupation both refer to a practice that is able to influence the health and illness process. Conclusion: The concepts of occupation and activity are historically developing, and more research about that matter is necessary to deepen the knowledge in this subject. Palavras

A ocupação e a atividade humana em terapia ocupacional: revisão de escopo na literatura nacional

“…The data from this research corroborated with the work of Salles & Matsukura (2016) and Lima et al (2013), who found that "activity" is the most evident term in Brazilian literature. In the research by Lima et al (2013), the term activity was found in 73% of the analyzed sample.…”

“…Several authors (Medeiros, 2003;Poellnitz, 2018;Lima et al, 2013;Quarentei et al, 2008;Falcão & Guimarães, 2004;Joaquim et al, 2003;Toyoda & Akashi, 1993;Galheigo, 1988) debated about the terms occupation and activity and how they are used as synonyms, or they conceptualize or show other meanings, such as action, doing, praxis, among other terminological variations of the Brazilian occupational therapy. Silva (2013) and Salles & Matsukura (2016) point out that in the publications in this area, polysemy and plurality are evident in the construction of a field marked by diverse practices and knowledge. Benetton (2008) states that there is an indiscriminate use in the terms of activity, occupation, and occupational activity in Brazil, in which the "carelessness" in the adoption of the term occupation and its correlates make a conceptual confusion.…”

“…The study showed that the most present term was activity; however, the terms and expressions using the term activity varied in 29 different forms, including "human activities". Salles & Matsukura (2016) carried out an investigation about the concepts of activity and occupation in national and English literature, verifying in national studies the use of the term activity and in English studies the term occupation. Also, they reported that both terms refer that the human being doing influences on own well-being and health and disease conditions, providing a sense and meaning for his life.…”

“…Brazil has publications with the term occupation, using the Anglophone literature as a reference to support the studies (Salles & Matsukura, 2016). However, historically, Brazilian occupational therapy uses the term activity as a construct of the theoretical and practical foundation of the profession.…”

Brazilian youth experiencing poverty: Everyday life in the favela

“…This study was contextualized within Brazilian occupational therapy, specifically social occupational therapy (Malfitano et al, 2014). Due to the meanings that the word occupation has in Brazil, which are historically linked to alienation processes and moral treatment in psychiatry, the concept of occupation is not widely used in Brazilian research and scholarship (Magalhães & Galheigo, 2010;Salles & Matsukura, 2016). Instead, concepts such as cotidiano have been adopted.…”