On the prediction of CO 2 corrosion in petroleum industry

Self-Healing Performance of Coatings Containing Synthetic Hexamethylene Diisocyanate Biuret Microcapsules

“…CO 2 is a by-product of self-healing polymerization (Figure 5) and induces uniform or localized corrosion on the steel surface. 19 The most common CO 2 corrosion mechanism involves cathodic and anodic reactions, where H 2 CO 3 and HCO 3 − are produced and iron dissolution occurs; these reactions consist of four steps as follows: [19][20][21] (i) chemical reactions in the bulk solution; (ii) mass transport of the corrosive species from the bulk to the steel surface; (iii) electrochemical reaction on the steel surface; and (iv) transportation of the corrosion products to the bulk solution. During self-healing, a small amount of dissolved CO 2 reached the underlying metal substrates and caused corrosion along the defects.…”

Corrosion Failure Mechanism of Associated Gas Transmission Pipeline

“…Carbonic acid formation by CO 2 dissolution and hydration is the major reaction during CO 2 corrosion. At pH < 4, the hydrogen reduction is the dominant cathodic reaction, whereas direct reduction of carbonic acid becomes important at pH > 4 [ 41 ]. High pH results in a decreased solubility of iron carbonate and leads to an increased precipitation rate and high scaling tendency, and the higher pH of 6.6 results in the formation of several protective scales, which are reflected by a rapid decrease of the corrosion rate with time [ 42 ].…”

The Corrosion Inhibition Performance and Mechanism of Rhamnolipid for X65 Steel in CO2‐Saturated Oilfield‐Produced Water

“…Carbon steel is widely applied in petroleum industry production. However, it often becomes corroded due to the presence of CO 2 (Abbas et al, 2018; Hatami et al, 2016). CO 2 , a coproduct of petroleum production, dissolves in water and dissociates, resulting in the generation of large amounts of reductive H + and HCO 3 − .…”