PAES and PAHs in the surface sediments of the East China Sea: Occurrence, distribution and influence factors

Zhao, Xiaoyan; Jin, Haiyan; Ji, Zhongqiang; Li, Donghao; Kaw, Han Yeong; Chen, Jianfang; Xie, Zhiyong; Zhang, Tianzhen

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134763

Cited by 66 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Therefore, the primary PAH source for seawater in Tsukumo Bay, after 2014, was considered to be combustion products, with liquid-fossil-fuel combustion having a greater influence on particulate PAHs and biomass or coal combustion on dissolved PAHs. This was consistent with PAHs in the atmosphere of Noto Peninsula and marine environments of the East China Sea being mainly pyrogenic products, as inferred from PAH isomeric ratios in airborne suspended particles [15] and marine surface sediments [35].…”

Section: Primary Pah Contamination Sourcessupporting

confidence: 87%

“…The increase in Σ 13 PAH diss levels during the summers of 2014, 2016, 2017, and 2018, thus, confirms the possible impact of inflowing PAH-rich summer continental shelf water from the East China Sea on the dissolved PAH levels in the Tsukumo Bay. Furthermore, the main source of PAHs in the Tsukumo Bay was combustion products, consistent with that in the East China Sea [35] (Section 3.4). Marine transport in the Coastal Branch of TWC is, therefore, considered to be one of the main transport pathways of dissolved PAHs into the Tsukumo Bay, although the higher Σ 13 PAH diss levels in March 2015 and January and April 2016 suggest that PAHs might also be derived from emissions in the southwestern area of the Japanese Archipelago and the Japan Sea.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

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RETRACTED: Temporal Variations of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Seawater at Tsukumo Bay, Noto Peninsula, Japan, during 2014–2018

Matsunaka

Nagao

Inoue

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Concentrations of phase-partitioning 13 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in seawater were investigated in the Tsukumo Bay, Noto Peninsula, Japan, during 2014–2018, to improve the understanding of the environmental behavior of PAHs in the coastal areas of the Japan Sea. Total PAH (particulate plus dissolved) concentrations in surface seawater were in the range 0.24–2.20 ng L−1 (mean 0.89 ng L−1), an order of magnitude lower than the mean values observed in the Japan Sea in 2008 and 2010. Although the PAH contamination levels during 2014–2018 were significantly lower than those in the East China Sea, the levels increased from 2014 to 2017 and were maintained at the higher level during 2017–2018. The main sources of particulate and dissolved PAHs during 2014–2018 were combustion products, of which the former were more influenced by liquid fossil-fuel combustion and the latter by biomass or coal combustion. The increase in particulate PAH concentrations in October–December during 2014–2018 was due to the impact of PAH-rich airmasses transported from the East Asian landmass in the northwesterly winter monsoon winds. The increase in dissolved PAH levels during July–September in 2014, 2016, 2017, and 2018 indicates that the Tsukumo Bay is possibly impacted by the PAH-rich summer continental shelf water transported by the Coastal Branch of the Tsushima Warm Current, which flows into the Japan Sea from the East China Sea.

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Section: Primary Pah Contamination Sourcessupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

RETRACTED: Temporal Variations of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Seawater at Tsukumo Bay, Noto Peninsula, Japan, during 2014–2018

Matsunaka

Nagao

Inoue

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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“…Phthalates are not covalently bound to the polymer matrix, rather they usually remain present as a freely mobile and leachable phase; therefore, they can be lost from soft plastic over time and released to the environment during production and manufacture. Not surprisingly, phthalates can often be found in freshwater lakes and oceans [28,29], urban and suburban soil [30,31], the atmosphere [32,33], and sediments [34,35]. Bu et al (2020) [36] summarized the concentrations of six representative phthalates from published papers in the last twenty years (2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014)(2015)(2016)(2017)(2018)(2019) to analyze the pollution characteristics of phthalates worldwide and found that their mean concentration in settled dust was 500.02 µg/g in North America, 580.12 µg/g in Europe, and 945.45 µg/g in Asia, with DEHP being the most predominant phthalate, with mean and median values of 615.78 µg/g and 394.03 µg/g, respectively; the mean concentration of six representative phthalates in indoor air was 598.14 ng/m 3 in North America, 823.98 ng/m 3 in Europe, and 1710.26 ng/m 3 in Asia.…”

Section: Physicochemical Properties and Applications Of Paesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phthalic Acid Esters: Natural Sources and Biological Activities

Huang

Zhu

Zhou

et al. 2021

Toxins

184

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Phthalic acid esters (PAEs) are a class of lipophilic chemicals widely used as plasticizers and additives to improve various products’ mechanical extensibility and flexibility. At present, synthesized PAEs, which are considered to cause potential hazards to ecosystem functioning and public health, have been easily detected in the atmosphere, water, soil, and sediments; PAEs are also frequently discovered in plant and microorganism sources, suggesting the possibility that they might be biosynthesized in nature. In this review, we summarize that PAEs have not only been identified in the organic solvent extracts, root exudates, and essential oils of a large number of different plant species, but also isolated and purified from various algae, bacteria, and fungi. Dominant PAEs identified from natural sources generally include di-n-butyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, dimethyl phthalate, di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, diisobutyl phthalate, diisooctyl phthalate, etc. Further studies reveal that PAEs can be biosynthesized by at least several algae. PAEs are reported to possess allelopathic, antimicrobial, insecticidal, and other biological activities, which might enhance the competitiveness of plants, algae, and microorganisms to better accommodate biotic and abiotic stress. These findings suggest that PAEs should not be treated solely as a “human-made pollutant” simply because they have been extensively synthesized and utilized; on the other hand, synthesized PAEs entering the ecosystem might disrupt the metabolic process of certain plant, algal, and microbial communities. Therefore, further studies are required to elucidate the relevant mechanisms and ecological consequences.

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“…Table 2 shows the concentration ranges of PAHs found in several rivers around the world. The comparison showed that the amount of ΣPAHs in the sediment samples (434.8-872.1 ng g −1 ) was similar to those found in the Yellow River, China [50], in the Erjien River, Taiwan [60], and was greater than the concentration found in the East China Sea, China [61], in the Yellow River and in the Henan Reach of Yellow River, China [44,56], in the Yellow River Estuary, China [62], in the Danube River, Hungary [57],and in Italy, in the Tiber River [34,48,63] and in the Sarno River [26]. However, the amount of ΣPAHs in the sediment samples was lower than the concentration found in the Daliao River, China [49], in the Cocó and Ceará Rivers, Brazil [64], in the Cauca River, Colombia [8], in the Buffalo River Estuary, South Africa [55], in the Ammer River, Germany [9], and in Durance River and Huveaune River, France [65,66].…”

Section: Pahs Concentrations In Sedimentsmentioning

confidence: 49%

Estimation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Pollution in Mediterranean Sea from Volturno River, Southern Italy: Distribution, Risk Assessment and Loads

Montuori

Rosa

Duca

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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This study reports the data on the contamination caused by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) drained from the Volturno River. The seasonal and spatial distribution of PAHs in water and sediment samples was assessed. The 16 PAHs were determined in the water dissolved phase (DP), suspended particulate matter (SPM), and sediments. A multidimensional statistical approach was used to identify three pollution composite indicators. Contaminant discharges of PAHs into the sea were calculated in about 3158.2 kg/year. Total concentrations of PAHs varied in ranges 434.8 to 872.1 ng g−1 and 256.7 to 1686.3 ng L−1 in sediment samples and in water (DP + SPM), respectively. The statistical results indicated that the PAHs mainly had a pyrolytic source. Considering the sediment quality guidelines (SQGs), the water environmental quality standards (USEPA EQS), and risk quotient (RQ), the Volturno River would be considered as an area in which the environmental integrity is possibly at risk.

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PAES and PAHs in the surface sediments of the East China Sea: Occurrence, distribution and influence factors

Cited by 66 publications

References 36 publications

RETRACTED: Temporal Variations of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Seawater at Tsukumo Bay, Noto Peninsula, Japan, during 2014–2018

RETRACTED: Temporal Variations of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Seawater at Tsukumo Bay, Noto Peninsula, Japan, during 2014–2018

Phthalic Acid Esters: Natural Sources and Biological Activities

Estimation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Pollution in Mediterranean Sea from Volturno River, Southern Italy: Distribution, Risk Assessment and Loads

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