Pengaruh Beberapa Jenis Formula Insektisida Nabati untuk Melindungi Buah Kakao dari Serangan Penggerek

Soesanthy, Funny; Samsudin, Samsudin

doi:10.21082/jtidp.v1n2.2014.p69-78

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Apart from its benefits as main material of biofuel production, the toxic candlenut plant was used to control insect pest populations. Soesanthy's [16] research stated that the toxic candlenut oil was able to reduce the cocoa pod borer (CPB), Conopomorpha cramerella Snellen (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) population in cocoa plants. The toxic candlenut plant acts as an insect repellent because it has an odor that insects do not like (repellent).…”

Section: The Insect Roles In Toxic Candlenut Plantationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insect diversity on toxic candlenut (Reutealis trisperma) plantation in Bajawa, East Nusa Tenggara

Indriati

Susilawati

Puspitasari

et al. 2022

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Toxic candlenut (Reutealis trisperma) is an important plantation commodity that serves as barrier to prevent erosion, as main material for bio-pesticides and as renewable source of biofuel production. It has been studied that toxic candlenut development in post-mining field can restore soil structure while also influencing environment surrounding, including insects. The study examined insect diversity in the R. trisperma plantation aged ±7 years in Bajawa field, East Nusa Tenggara from July 2018 until February 2019. Insect were collected by installed malaise traps, yellow traps, and pitfall traps in 5 different plots A, B, C, D, and E for 24 hours. Collected insects were then identified in the laboratory using identification book. The results showed there were 13 orders of insects were collected by traps. The diversity index (H’) of insect in the area were 4.053; 3.305; 3.521; 2.973 and 2.611 while the Evenness index (E) of insect were 0.872; 0.836; 0.780; 0.665 and 0.614 respectively. Insect diversity in the Bajawa plantation was high and the dominan individual was Hymenopteran and Dipteran. Several insects were in R. trisperma plant, as herbivores, predators, parasitoids, and pollinators. Further research is needed to determine each family of insect’s role in the R. trisperma plantation.

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Section: The Insect Roles In Toxic Candlenut Plantationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insect diversity on toxic candlenut (Reutealis trisperma) plantation in Bajawa, East Nusa Tenggara

Indriati

Susilawati

Puspitasari

et al. 2022

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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“…Minyak nimba dan cengkeh diperoleh dari Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat (Balittro) dan minyak kemiri sunan dari Balai Penelitian Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar (Balittri). Ekstrak babadotan dibuat menggunakan metode (Soesanthy & Samsudin, 2014). Daun babadotan dikeringanginkan sampai kadar 15%, kemudian digiling sampai berbentuk serbuk.…”

Section: Ekstrak Dan Minyak Tanamanunclassified

“…Hal tersebut terjadi diduga karena adanya kandungan bahan aktif yang terdapat dalam ekstrak atau minyak bersifat fungisida. Pada cengkeh terdapat eugenol ( Pereira, Lucas, Perina, & Alves, 2012;Harni et al, 2014), nimba mengandung azadirachtin (Facknath, 2018), kemiri sunan mengandung α-elaeostearic acid (Soesanthy & Samsudin, 2014), babadotan mengandung senyawa saponin, flavanoid dan polifenol (Asmaliyah, Utami, Mulyadi, & Yudhistira, 2010), senyawa-senyawa tersebut bersifat fungisida yang menghambat perkecambahan urediniospora H. vastatrix . Gambar 1.…”

Section: Hasil Dan Pembahasan Efektivitas Minyak Dan Ekstrak Terhadapunclassified

Efektivitas Minyak Cengkeh, Nimba dan Kemiri Sunan, serta Ekstrak Babadotan Terhadap Penyakit Karat Daun Kopi (Hemileia vastatrix)

Taufiq

Indriati

Harni

et al. 2021

J. tanam. industri dan penyegar

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Leaf rust disease (Hemileia vastatrix) is commonly controlled using synthetic fungicides. Plant oils and extracts are expected to reduce the pathogen. The research aimed to determine the effectiveness of clove, Reutealis trisperma, and neem oils, and Ageratum conyzoides extract against H. vastatrix. The study was conducted in the laboratory and greenhouse of the Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute and smallholder coffee plantation in Garut, West Java, from January to December 2018. The A. conyzoides were extracted in the laboratories. Plant oils and extract's effectiveness was tested in vitro against the germination of urediniospore and in a greenhouse to inhibit disease development. The in vitro experiment were evaluated the eight concentrations of extract and oil were: 0 (steril water), 250, 500, 1000, 1500, 3000, and 5000 ppm. Whereas, in the greenhouse experiments used three concentrations of 1000, 2500, and 5000 ppm of the extract and oil, and 2000 ppm of Mankozeb (positive control). The greenhouse test was carried out on Arabica coffee plants, completely randomized design and five replications. The number of spots, disease intensity, and plant growth were examined periodically. The results showed that all of the the extract and oil inhibited the urediniospores germination, and the most effective concentrations were 500 ppm, 3000 ppm, and 5000 ppm. A. conyzoides extract, and clove oil effectively suppressed the infection of H. vastatrix by 75.99% and 64.00%, respectively, and comparable to the synthetic fungicide (68.00%).

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“…Kondisi berbeda ditunjukkan pada perlakuan kontrol, yaitu uredospora berkecambah membentuk hifa-hifa jamur yang normal. Hal ini disebabkan oleh kandungan bahan aktif dalam minyak atau ekstrak yang digunakan bersifat fungisidal, seperti terpinen dan eugenol pada cengkeh (Pereira et al, 2012), azadirachtin, meliantriol, dan salanin pada nimba (Moslem & El-Kholie, 2009), geraniol, sitral, nerol, metal heptenon, dan diptena pada serai wangi (Nakahara, Alzoreky, Yoshihashi, Nguyen, & Trakoontivakorn, 2003), serta α-elaeostearic acid pada kemiri sunan (Soesanthy & Samsudin, 2014 Hasil pengamatan pengaruh minyak dan ekstrak tanaman terhadap persentase serangan H. vastratrix in vitro masih cukup tinggi dibandingkan dengan perlakuan fungisida kimia, yaitu 33,3%-66,7%, tetapi lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Intensitas serangan H. vastatrix pada perlakuan minyak cengkeh, nimba, dan ekstrak babadotan cukup rendah, yaitu masing-masing 11,1%; 22,2%; dan 23,3%, sedangkan pada perlakuan minyak dan ekstrak yang lain, seperti minyak kemiri sunan, serai wangi, ekstrak mahoni, dan asap cair mencapai 28,3%-40,3%, jauh lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan pengunaan fungisida kimia yang hanya sebesar 12,3% (Tabel 1).…”

Section: Hasil Dan Pembahasan Uji Minyak Dan Ekstrak Tanaman Terhadapunclassified

“…Moslem & El-Kholie (2009) melaporkan bahwa nimba mengandung azaridachtin, nimonol, dan terpen yang bersifat antifungal terhadap Fusarium oxysporum dan Rizoctonia solani. Babadotan mengandung senyawa saponin, alkaloid, tanin, fenolik, flavanoid, dan triterpenoid (Soesanthy & Samsudin, 2014) yang bersifat antifungal dan dapat menghambat pertumbuhan Fusarium solani (Javed & Bashir, 2012).…”

Section: Hasil Dan Pembahasan Uji Minyak Dan Ekstrak Tanaman Terhadapunclassified

Effect of Plant Oils and Extracts on Uredospores of Hemileia vastatrix Germination and Attack Intensity

Harni¹,

Taufik²,

Samsudin³

2018

J. tanam. industri dan penyegar

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Rust disease caused by fungus Hemileia vastatrix is a major disease of Arabica coffee, which reduces yield by 20%–70%. Botanical fungicide is a potential alternative because environmentally friendly and safe to humans health. The research aimed to analyze the effect of oils and extracts of fungicidal plants on uredospore germination and attack intensity of H. vastatrix. The research was conducted in laboratory and greenhouse of Indonesian Industrial and Beverages Crops Research Institute (IIBCRI), Sukabumi, from January to December 2016. The plant oils were of cloves, citronella, Reutealis trisperma, and neem, while the plant extracts used were mahogany, Ageratum conyzoides, and wood vinegar. Those oils and extracts were assessed on uredospores germination of H. vastatrix, both in vitro and on coffee seedlings in the greenhouse. A complete randomized block design was used with 9 treatments and 5 replications. The oils and extracts at 5% concentration were applied on coffee leaves of 6 months old plants then inoculated with H. vastratrix uredospora simultaneously. Attack symptoms, incubation period, attack percentage and intensity were observed. The results showed that plant oils and extracts used in present study effectively reduced the uredospora germination of H. vastatrix. However, oils of neem and R. trisperma as well as A. conizoides extract are more potential to suppress H. vastatrix infection in coffee leaves in greenhouse and reduced attack intensity from 22.2% to 3.6%; 5.2%; and 7.6% with inhibitory level at 83.8%; 76.6%; and 65.8%, respectively. Therefore, they are considered as potential biocontrols for rust disease.

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Pengaruh Beberapa Jenis Formula Insektisida Nabati untuk Melindungi Buah Kakao dari Serangan Penggerek

Cited by 6 publications

References 8 publications

Insect diversity on toxic candlenut (Reutealis trisperma) plantation in Bajawa, East Nusa Tenggara

Insect diversity on toxic candlenut (Reutealis trisperma) plantation in Bajawa, East Nusa Tenggara

Efektivitas Minyak Cengkeh, Nimba dan Kemiri Sunan, serta Ekstrak Babadotan Terhadap Penyakit Karat Daun Kopi (Hemileia vastatrix)

Effect of Plant Oils and Extracts on Uredospores of Hemileia vastatrix Germination and Attack Intensity

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