Peranan Sektor Tembakau dan Industri Rokok dalam Perekonomian Indonesia: Analisis Tabel I-O Tahun 2000

Abstract

During the last decade, the increasing intensity of anti -tobacco campaign underpinned by health consideration that has been reinforced by the ratified Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC), the reduced government support to tobacco production, and the increasing community's awareness on the importance of healthy life, has been threatening the world and the Indonesian tobacco economy. The world tobacco economy is expected to be slowing down and severely affects the Indonesia's tobacco economy. In this connection, this paper is aimed at analyzing the current situation and the roles of tobacco and cigarette industry sectors in the Indonesian economy. Important results of the analysis are as follows : (i) the tobacco production during the 2000 -2006 period was decreased by 5.98% per annum; (ii) the per capita cigarette consumption tended to increase with the increased per capita income; (iii) the tobacco and the cigarette sectors shared about 7% of the government domestic revenues, but more depleting rather than generating foreign exchanges; (iv) the tobacco and cigarette industry sectors have small share in the creation of output value, value added and employment, but have relatively high output multiplier, particularly the tobacco sector; and (v) the tobacco sector was able to pull its upstream sectors and push its downstream sectors to develop, while the cigarette sector was able only to push its downstream sector. It is suggested, therefore, that: (i) the future development of tobacco and cigarette sectors needs to consider the balance between economic and health aspects; and (ii) the nicotine and tar contained in the cigarettes needs to be reduced while exploring alternative economically feasible of non -cigarette uses of tobacco. Key words : tobacco sector,cigarette industry, input output, Indonesia ABSTRAKSelama dasawarsa terakhir, meluasnya kampanye anti tembakau karena pertimbangan kesehatan yang diperkuat den gan telah diratifikasinya Konvensi Kerangka Pengendalian Tembakau, ber kurangnya dukungan pemerintah untuk pengembangan ekonomi tembakau serta meningkatnya kesadaran masyarakat akan pentingnya hidup sehat, maka ancaman terhadap ekonomi tembakau dunia dan In donesia mulai terasa. Dikhawatirkan ekonomi tembakau dunia akan terus melesu dan berdampak pada

Upaya Pemerintah Kabupaten Kulon Progo Dalam Pengendalian Tembakau

“…Dalam hal pengendalian rokok atau tembakau, pemberian iklan bahaya konsumsi tembakau berlebih atau merokok yang menakut-nakuti kurang efektif karena tidak merubah pola konsumsi perokok (Andini, 2019). Hadi juga menyatakan dalam jurnalnya bahwa produksi tembakau selama periode 2000-2006 memang mengalami penurunan, namun disamping itu konsumsi rokok perkapita cenderung naik seiring dengan naiknya pendapatan perkapita (Hadi & Friyatno, 2008). Maka dari itu, untuk mampu mengendalikan tembakau dengan baik dan mengurangi konsumsi rokok di Indonesia diperlukan kontribusi dari semua pihak baik pemerintah, swasta maupun masyarakat.…”

“…nilai ekonomi tinggi serta merupakan sumber pendapatan petani, penerimaan pemerintah dari dalam negeri dan kesempatan kerja (Hadi & Friyatno, 2008).…”

Value-added Product on Coffee Marketing in Pasuruan District

“…Efforts to mobilize the farmer economy can be done through the growth of local resource-based industries. Development of the industry not only contributes to the increase of farmers' income, but also has an effect of multiplying effect on the growth of other economic sectors (Hadi & Friyatno, 2008).…”

Keinginan Berhenti Merokok Pada Pelajar Perokok Berdasarkan Global Youth Tobacco Survey di SMK Negeri Kota Padang

“…di Indonesia khususnya dalam penggunaan produk tembakau, dalam hal ini adalah rokok. 2 Indonesia menempati peringkat ke-5 sebagai produsen tembakau dunia. 3 Terdapat 1.132 pabrik rokok di indonesia dan merupakan jumlah terbesar di seluruh dunia.…”

“…http://jurnal.fk.unand.ac.id Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas. 2018; 7 (2) data yang ada menyebutkan bahwa jumlah perokok perempuan terus meningkat. 15…”