Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine responses to a 164-km road cycle ride in a hot environment

Luk, Hui‐Ying; Levitt, Danielle E.; Lee, Elaine C.; Ganio, Matthew S.; McDermott, Brendon P.; Kupchak, Brian R.; McFarlin, Brian K.; Hill, David W.; Armstrong, Lawrence E.; Vingren, Jakob L.

doi:10.1007/s00421-016-3452-5

Cited by 20 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…High intense interval training (HIIT) is able to promote lymphocyte oxidative stress and reduce super antigen-induced proliferation [ 35 ]. Long-distance running is able to increase the number of circulating total leukocytes with the increase in neutrophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes including B and T cells [ 36 ]. Therefore, it has been suggested that exercise represents a physical stress that is able to modify the counting of immune cells in the peripheral blood circulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strength Training Session Induces Important Changes on Physiological, Immunological, and Inflammatory Biomarkers

Fortunato

Pontes

Souza

et al. 2018

Journal of Immunology Research

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Strength exercise is a strategy applied in sports and physical training processes. It may induce skeletal muscle hypertrophy. The hypertrophy is dependent on the eccentric muscle actions and on the inflammatory response. Here, we evaluate the physiological, immunological, and inflammatory responses induced by a session of strength training with a focus on predominance of the eccentric muscle actions. Twenty volunteers were separated into two groups: the untrained group (UTG) and the trained group (TG). Both groups hold 4 sets of leg press, knee extensor, and leg curl at 65% of personal one-repetition maximum (1RM), 90 s of recovery, and 2″conc/3″eccen of duration of execution in each repetition. Blood samples were collected immediately before and after, 2 hours after, and 24 h after the end of the exercise session. The single session of strength training elevated the heart rate (HR), rating of perceived exertion (RPE), visual analog scale (VAS), and lactate blood level in UTG and TG. Creatine kinase (CK) levels were higher at 2 and 24 h after the end of the exercise in UTG and, in TG, only at 24 h. The number of white blood cells (WBC) and neutrophils increased in UTG and TG, post and 2 h after exercise. Lymphocytes increased postexercise but reduced 2 h after exercise in both groups, while the number of monocytes increased only immediately after the exercise session in UTG and TG. The strength training session elevated the levels of apelin and fatty acid-binding proteins-3 (FABP3) in both groups and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in TG. The single exercise session was capable of inducing elevated HR, RPE, lactate level, and CK levels. This protocol changed the count/total number of circulating immune cells in both groups (UTG and TG) and also increased the level of plasmatic apelin, BDNF, and FLTS1 only in TG and FABP3 myokines in both groups.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strength Training Session Induces Important Changes on Physiological, Immunological, and Inflammatory Biomarkers

Fortunato

Pontes

Souza

et al. 2018

Journal of Immunology Research

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“…Our laboratory has spent considerable effort examining the relationship between exercise recovery and inflammation ( McFarlin et al, 2006 , 2007 , 2016 ; Luk et al, 2016 ; Tanner et al, 2020a , b ). The findings of the present study further the existing knowledge regarding post-exercise DAMP signaling/inflammation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Polyphenol and Methylsulfonylmethane Supplementation Improves Immune, DAMP Signaling, and Inflammatory Responses During Recovery From All-Out Running Efforts

et al. 2021

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Nutritional ingredients with defined mechanisms of action can be useful in the recovery of the body from the physical demands of a habitual training plan. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of dietary supplementation with optimized curcumin, pomegranate ellagitannins, and MSM (R + MSM) on immune-associated mRNA during early recovery (i.e., up to 8 h post-exercise) following all-out running efforts (5-km, 10-km, and 21.1-km). Subjects (N = 14) were randomized to either a supplement (R + MSM) or a control group using an open label design. The study was completed over a period of 31-day prior to a scheduled half-marathon race. Venous blood samples were collected into PAXgene tubes at baseline, subsequent samples were collected at 2, 4, and 8 h after each running effort. A 574-plex mRNA Immunology Array (NanoString) was measured for each sample and ROSALIND® Advanced Analysis Software was used to examined changes in 31 annotated immune response pathways and specific mRNA changes. The greatest change in immune pathways occurred at 2 h (GSS > 3) followed by 4 h (GSS 2–3) and 8 h (GSS 1–2). R + MSM was associated with an increase in innate immunity (CAMP, LTF, TIRAP, CR1, IL1R1, CXCR1, PDCDILG2, and GNLY) and a blunted/smaller increase in damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) signaling/inflammation (TLR4, TLR5, S100A8, S100A9, and IFP35). We also found changes in immune-associated mRNA that have not been previously linked to exercise recovery (SOCS1, SOCS2, MME, CECAM6, MX1, IL-1R2, KLRD1, KLRK1, and LAMP3). Collectively these results demonstrate that supplementation with a combination of optimized curcumin, pomegranate ellagitannins, and methylsulfonylmethane resulted in changes that may improve biological recovery from all-out running efforts.

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“…55 Recent evidence suggests that high intensity exercise can induce oxidative stress 34 and inflammation. 7,13,36 after exercise. Our study, also showed that during a short exercise of high intensity (100%) the inflammatory factors CRP, IL-6, TNF-α increase, as well as APN and TAC, which is in accordance with other studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 It is well documented that acute exercise increases expression and circulating levels of many inflammatory molecules such as cytokines and chemokines. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8] Tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP) are cytokines that have pro-inflammatory effects; on the other hand, adiponectin (APN) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) are cytokines with anti-inflammatory effects. Acute training increases muscle production of IL-6 which is responsible for reducing pro-inflammatory TNF-α and increasing anti-inflammatory cytokines, such as APN.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute moderate-intensity exercise increases total antioxidant capacity and anti-inflammatory responses in competitive cyclists: The role of adiponectin

et al. 2021

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High-intensity exercise can elicit acute changes in the biochemical and physiological processes in the body of an athlete, including increased oxidative stress and inflammation. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of acute moderate-intensity exercise on total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and serum levels of anti-inflammatory adiponectin (APN), and inflammatory markers in competitive cyclists. Ten male cyclists (age 15–26 years, body mass index 19.4–24.7 kg/m2) participated in this study. Each subject performed the maximal oxygen uptake test (VO2peak) and completed a 10-min cycling exercise at a workload of 50% of the peak of VO2peak. Blood samples were collected on three different occasions: after an overnight fasting and at the exercise workloads of 50% and 100% VO2peak. We measured APN, TAC, inflammatory markers as well as assessed nutrient and energy intake for each participant. Baseline concentration of serum APN (10.92 µg/mL) significantly increased at 50% and at 100% VO2peak. In addition, TAC also increased after acute exercise (0.079 vs 0.093 nmol/µL). The concentration of APN at 50% VO2peak positively correlated with the CRP ( r = 0.640, p = 0.046) and negatively correlated with TNF-α ( r = −0.696, p = 0.025). This test showed that short (10 min) and medium-intensity (50% VO2peak) exercise activity in trained athletes evoked beneficial antioxidant and anti-inflammatory responses. Importantly, this response correlates with the increase in APN levels thereby showing that highly trained individuals have beneficial responses originating from adipose tissue. Our observations show that a short training at moderate activity can be an important preservative strategy during the recovery training period.

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Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine responses to a 164-km road cycle ride in a hot environment

Cited by 20 publications

References 82 publications

Strength Training Session Induces Important Changes on Physiological, Immunological, and Inflammatory Biomarkers

Strength Training Session Induces Important Changes on Physiological, Immunological, and Inflammatory Biomarkers

Dietary Polyphenol and Methylsulfonylmethane Supplementation Improves Immune, DAMP Signaling, and Inflammatory Responses During Recovery From All-Out Running Efforts

Acute moderate-intensity exercise increases total antioxidant capacity and anti-inflammatory responses in competitive cyclists: The role of adiponectin

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