O objetivo deste artigo é analisar o Programa de Alimentação Escolar sob a ótica dos alunos atendidos na rede estadual de ensino de Minas Gerais. Trata-se de estudo transversal, quali-quantitativo, com amostra de 1500 alunos, representativa do universo da rede estadual de ensino de Minas Gerais, utilizando questionário semiestruturado analisado por meio de frequência simples, média, desvio padrão, teste exato de Fisher, teste qui-quadrado e regressão logística (p < 0,05; IC 95%). Houve efetiva aceitação de 28,8% e efetiva adesão de 45,1% ao Programa. A aceitação foi significativamente maior entre alunos do sexo masculino e entre aqueles que apresentaram menor consumo de alimentos extrainstitucionais. A aceitação e a adesão foram significativamente maiores entre alunos do grupo etário mais velho e entre aqueles que referiram participar de atividades de Educação Alimentar e Nutricional. No total, 73,5% dos alunos sugeriram melhorias para a Alimentação Escolar. Muitos princípios e diretrizes do programa não estão sendo cumpridos. A aceitação da Alimentação Escolar mostrou-se negativamente influenciada pelo consumo de alimentos extrainstitucionais e positivamente influenciada pelas ações de Educação Alimentar e Nutricional.

OBJETIVO: Contribuir para a promoção da aquisição de produtos da agricultura familiar para a alimentação escolar em Territórios da Cidadania do País. MÉTODOS: Foi realizado um estudo de intervenção com abordagem de articulação de redes intersetoriais presenciais, desenvolvidas a partir da atuação de equipes compostas por nutricionista, educador popular e engenheiro agrônomo ou técnico agrícola, que visitaram, por pelo menos dois momentos, todos os municípios pertencentes aos Territórios da Cidadania, visando articular redes intersetoriais presenciais capazes de desencadear processos locais de mobilização, organização e apoderamento de diferentes atores para a aquisição de produtos da agricultura familiar para a alimentação escolar nos municípios que compõem os referidos territórios. RESULTADOS: Os resultados mais expressivos foram: 14% dos municípios visitados apresentaram melhora na organização da agricultura familiar; 14% dos gestores passaram a apoiar o processo de aquisição de alimentos segundo a Lei nº 11.947/2009, e 27% dos municípios que não possuíam nutricionista contrataram o profissional. Não foram considerados satisfatórios os resultados obtidos para situação do Conselho de Alimentação Escolar. CONCLUSÃO: As ações desenvolvidas foram capazes de contribuir positivamente para o avanço da implementação da Lei Federal nº 11.947/2009 nos Territórios de Cidadania abordados.

Strength exercise is a strategy applied in sports and physical training processes. It may induce skeletal muscle hypertrophy. The hypertrophy is dependent on the eccentric muscle actions and on the inflammatory response. Here, we evaluate the physiological, immunological, and inflammatory responses induced by a session of strength training with a focus on predominance of the eccentric muscle actions. Twenty volunteers were separated into two groups: the untrained group (UTG) and the trained group (TG). Both groups hold 4 sets of leg press, knee extensor, and leg curl at 65% of personal one-repetition maximum (1RM), 90 s of recovery, and 2″conc/3″eccen of duration of execution in each repetition. Blood samples were collected immediately before and after, 2 hours after, and 24 h after the end of the exercise session. The single session of strength training elevated the heart rate (HR), rating of perceived exertion (RPE), visual analog scale (VAS), and lactate blood level in UTG and TG. Creatine kinase (CK) levels were higher at 2 and 24 h after the end of the exercise in UTG and, in TG, only at 24 h. The number of white blood cells (WBC) and neutrophils increased in UTG and TG, post and 2 h after exercise. Lymphocytes increased postexercise but reduced 2 h after exercise in both groups, while the number of monocytes increased only immediately after the exercise session in UTG and TG. The strength training session elevated the levels of apelin and fatty acid-binding proteins-3 (FABP3) in both groups and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in TG. The single exercise session was capable of inducing elevated HR, RPE, lactate level, and CK levels. This protocol changed the count/total number of circulating immune cells in both groups (UTG and TG) and also increased the level of plasmatic apelin, BDNF, and FLTS1 only in TG and FABP3 myokines in both groups.

Sepsis is a complex disease and is the cause of many deaths worldwide. Sepsis pathogenesis involves a dysregulated inflammatory response with consequent production of inflammatory mediators and reactive species. The production and excessive release of these substances into the systemic circulation trigger various cellular and metabolic alterations that are observed during the disease evolution. Thus, more studies have been carried out to investigate the therapeutic potential of plants such as Morus nigra L., popularly known as black mulberry. Studies have shown that plants belonging to the Morus genus are rich in secondary metabolites such as flavonoids which are associated with important biological activities as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions. Based on this context, the objective of our study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of Morus nigra L. in a sepsis model induced by LPS. Male C57BL/6 mice were distributed in four groups: control, sepsis, sepsis treated with leaf extract of mulberry, and sepsis treated with mulberry pulp. The animals were treated with 100 μL of their respective treatments for twenty-one days. Sepsis was induced at the 21st day with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) by intraperitoneal injection. The animals were euthanized 24 hours after receiving the LPS injection. The data obtained were analyzed in GraphPad Prism 6.0 software. Our results showed that treatment with either extract significantly decreased the number of leukocytes in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and serum levels of TNF in septic animals. Regarding the redox status, the treatments significantly decreased the antioxidant activity of the enzyme glutathione peroxidase. Regarding metalloproteinase type 2, it was observed that the treatment with black mulberry pulp was able to significantly reduce the activity of this enzyme concerning the sepsis group. Finally, these results together promoted an increase in the animal's survival that received the black mulberry leaf or pulp extract.

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