Recent Advances in Biomaterial Scaffolds for Integrative Tumor Therapy and Bone Regeneration

Abstract

Bone tumors bring great pain to patients, along with a high disability rate and high mortality. Several therapeutic strategies have been applied to treat bone tumors, such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgical resection. However, these strategies have intrinsic drawbacks, such as the serious side effects of chemotherapy or the necessary reconstructive surgery of surgical resection. To help develop more satisfactory bone tumor treatment strategies, biomaterial scaffolds have been proposed. Biomaterial scaffolds are often applied for repairing bone defects after surgical resection due to their biocompatibility, osteoinductivity, and osteoconductivity as well as excellent physicochemical properties. Simultaneously, the function of bone tumor therapy offers biomaterial scaffolds to eliminate residual tumor cells, thus avoiding tumor recurrence. This review summarizes recent advances in biomaterial scaffolds which are combined with chemotherapy or hyperthermia therapy for treating bone tumors and further bone regeneration. Moreover, the progress in synergistic therapy of bone tumors based on biomaterial scaffolds is also discussed. This review aims to inspire researchers to develop novel fabrication or functionalization strategies for constructing multifunctional biomaterial scaffolds with anti-tumor properties.

3D printed hydrogel scaffolds combining glutathione depletion-induced ferroptosis and photothermia-augmented chemodynamic therapy for efficiently inhibiting postoperative tumor recurrence

“…5 e and f). This phenomenon may be ascribed to the fact that high temperatures could accelerate the Fenton-like reaction [ 53 , 67 – 70 ]. Furthermore, we conducted the NIR laser irradiation on the Gel-SA-6CuO hydrogel scaffold during the process of methylene blue degradation (Fig.…”

“…Currently, scaffolds loading two or more agents with synergistic therapy have been fabricated focusing on the combination of chemotherapy [ 37 , 38 ], immunotherapy [ 39 – 44 ], photothermal therapy (PTT) [ 45 – 47 ], magnetothermal therapy [ 34 , 48 ], chemodynamic therapy (CDT) [ 49 – 51 ], and so on [ 52 ]. However, the composition of scaffolds with synergistic therapy is more complicated than single modality, and complex functionalization processes are required [ 53 , 54 ]. In addition, multiple synergistic systems limit the drug loading capacity of the scaffolds for every single therapeutic agent, which often devotes considerable efforts to adjust the ratios of different drugs to achieve the best therapeutic efficiency [ 55 ].…”

A critical review of bioactive glasses and glass–ceramics in cancer therapy

“…Recent research has shown that heat generation can form reactive nitrogen species (RNS) or reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the patient's body and destroy cancer cells under photodynamic therapy (PDT) or gas therapy (Figure 1C). 19 Magnetic BGCs are another group used to combat cancer. The magnetic phases/crystals are formed within the glassy matrix by controlled heat treatment, resulting in the formation of glass-ceramics.…”

“…Recent research has shown that heat generation can form reactive nitrogen species (RNS) or reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the patient's body and destroy cancer cells under photodynamic therapy (PDT) or gas therapy (Figure 1C). 19 …”

Bifunctional scaffolds for tumor therapy and bone regeneration: Synergistic effect and interplay between therapeutic agents and scaffold materials

“…Huang et al. summarized bifunctional scaffolds for tumor therapy and bone regeneration in recent years [ 34 ] and Chen et al. summarized regenerative materials related to thermal stimulation [ 35 ].…”