Rekonstruksi bahan ajar dengan konteks socio-scientific issues pada materi zat aditif makanan untuk meningkatkan literasi sains siswa

Abstract

Untuk meningkatkan literasi sains siswa, diperlukan inovasi-inovasi khususnya pada pembelajaran IPA.Salah satu inovasi yang dapat dilakukan adalah pengembangan bahan ajar. Dalam penelitian ini bahan ajar dikembangkan melalui proses rekonstruksi, dimana struktur konten untuk pengajaran dibangun dengan memperhatikan tujuan pendidikan serta diuraikan secara hati-hati dan dihubungkan dengan konteks dalam kehidupan nyata. Salah satu materi konten sains yang sangat dekat dengan konteks dalam kehidupan nyata adalah materi zat aditif makanan. Penggunaan zat aditif yang tidak sewajarnya muncul sebagai Socio-Scientific Issues (SSI) kontroversial yang ramai dibicarakan. Penggunaan SSI sebagai konteks diharapkan dapat dijadikan penghubung permasalahan nyata di masyarakat. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode R&D dan desainnya adalah Model of Educational Reconstruction yang dimodifikasi.Bahan ajar dengan konteks SSI pada materi zat aditif makanan yang telah dikembangkan terdiri dari delapan sub bab. Setiap sub bab memuat deskripsi materi, daftar bacaan tambahan dan soal latihan. Penilaian bahan ajar dilakukan dengan 2 cara, yaitu validasi berdasarkan kriteria umum dan penilaian berdasarkan kriteria Badan Standar Nasional Pendidikan (BSNP). Hasil penilaian menunjukkan bahan ajar sudah layak dan memenuhi syarat untuk digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran IPA di kelas VIII SMP. Hasil implementasi menunjukkan bahwa bahan ajar memiliki pengaruh yang besar dan dapat meningkatkan literasi sains siswa baik pada aspek kompetensi maupun sikap.Tanggapan siswa menunjukkan bahwa bahan ajar dengan konteks SSI pada materi zat aditif makanan sudah dipahami dan memenuhi harapan belajar siswa.Kata kunci: bahan ajar,model of educational reconstruction, socio-scientific issues (SSI), zat aditif makanan, literasi sains Reconstruction of Learning Materials with Socio-Scientific Issues Context on Food Additives Content to Improving Student’s Scientific Literacy AbstractTo improved scientific literacy of Indonesian students, needed innovations especially for science education. One of innovation that can be done is the development of learning materials. In this research, learning materials were developed through reconstruction process,structure of content for learning was built with attention educational aims, described carefully and linked to context in the real life. One of science content that very close with context in the real life is food additives. The use of food additives were not reasonably emerged as controversial socio-scientific issues (SSI) that lively discussed. The use of SSI as context in learning materials expected to be used as link real problem in society. This research was conducted with R&D method and the design is model of educational recontruction modified. Learning materials with SSI context on food additives content has been developed consist of eight sub chapter. Each sub chapter contains material description, extra reading list and prctices. Assessment of learning materials is done in two ways, validation based on the general criterias and assessment based on Badan Standar Nasional Pendidikan (BSNP) criterias. The resultindicated the learning materials already worthy and qualified for use in science learning process in 8th junior high school. The implementation result shows that learning materials have great influence and improve student’s scientific literacy at both competencies and attitude aspects. The student’s response suggest that learning materials with SSI context on food additives content already understood and fulfilled students learning expectation.Keywords: learning materials, model of educational reconstruction, socio-scientific issues (SSI), food additives, scientific literacy

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