Remote Monitoring of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations in Smart Campus Parking Lot

Abstract

Smart parking lots are smart places capable of supporting both parking and charging services for electric vehicles (EVs). In order to manage EV charging, the parking lot local controller (PLLC) requires data exchange with EV charging stations (EVCSs) through communication infrastructures. However, data losses and communication delays are unavoidable and may significantly degrade the system performance. This work aims to investigate the underlying communication networks for remote monitoring of EVCSs in a smart campus parking lot. The communication network consists of two subnetworks: parking area network (PAN) and campus area network (CAN). PAN covers communication among EVs, charging stations and PLLC, while CAN enables dedicated communication between PLLCs and a global controller of the university. As one of the major obstacles in EV system is the lack of unified communication architecture to integrate EVCS in the power grid, we develope communication models for the in-vehicle system and EVC-Ss based on logical node concept of IEC 61850 standard. Furthermore, we implement network models for EVCSs using OPNET modeler. Different communication technologies and configurations are considered in modeling and simulations, and end-to-end delay is evaluated and discussed.

A Systematic Review on Technologies and Applications in Smart Campus: A Human-Centered Case Study

“… Smart transport: Campus transport system in a smart version seamlessly connects various vehicles including campus buses, cars and bicycles, and provides real-time location and arrival information based on IoT technologies, thereby to alleviate traffic problems as well as facilitate parking activities such as finding parking spaces, reserving parking spaces and paying parking fees. [77] investigated the underlying communication networks for remote monitoring of electric vehicles charging stations. [34] proposed a deep convolutional network architecture to automate the parking system in smart campus with modified Single-shot Multibox Detector (SSD) approach.…”

A Review of Electric Vehicle Load Open Data and Models

“…Furthermore, this strategy requires the existence of global and local communication and monitoring channels which do not exist yet. These channels are necessary for the development of EVs in general and particularly for V2G and load balancing [26,27]. Finally, in order to ensure effective communication, EV load models are critical as they can reduce uncertainty and minimize contradicting signals from what is expected and what is observed by operations management.…”

“…Battery inputs are intrinsically complex to obtain. It would involve establishing an Internet of Things (IOT) between EVs, charging stations and controllers when considering a smart charging scenario [26,27]. This type of work is currently in progress [41] and the community could benefit from new types of information for EV load models in the near future.…”

Smart Campuses: Extensive Review of the Last Decade of Research and Current Challenges

“…A smart management of the electricity flow between vehicles and the grid can help reducing the peak demand and thus generate savings that can be shared between the parking lot manager and car owners. In another study, the same group studied communications between electric vehicles in charging stations and the parking lot local controller [95]. In 2019, the authors designed a system relying on IoT for managing electric vehicle charging in a university campus [96].…”