SOFC System Design Using Ideal Efficiency Modeling – Model and Experimental Implementation

Heddrich, Marc P.; Jahn, Matthias; Michaelis, Alexander; Nake, R.; Weder, Aniko

doi:10.1002/fuce.201200188

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Determination of the carbon deposition boundary was based on assumption of a very small but non-zero amount of solid carbon in equilibrium (Koh et al 2002) or a fraction of 10 −6 of the total carbon amount (Sasaki and Teraoka 2003a). A similar criterion of the minimum carbon fraction, x C,min , for carbon deposition to occur was proposed by Heddrich et al (2013) …”

Section: Published Models Of Deposition Equilibriummentioning

confidence: 91%

On thermodynamic equilibrium of carbon deposition from gaseous C-H-O mixtures: updating for nanotubes

Jaworski

Zakrzewska

Pianko‐Oprych

2017

Reviews in Chemical Engineering

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AbstractExtensive literature information on experimental thermodynamic data and theoretical analysis for depositing carbon in various crystallographic forms is examined, and a new three-phase diagram for carbon is proposed. The published methods of quantitative description of gas-solid carbon equilibrium conditions are critically evaluated for filamentous carbon. The standard chemical potential values are accepted only for purified single-walled and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNT). Series of C-H-O ternary diagrams are constructed with plots of boundary lines for carbon deposition either as graphite or nanotubes. The lines are computed for nine temperature levels from 200°C to 1000°C and for the total pressure of 1 bar and 10 bar. The diagram for graphite and 1 bar fully conforms to that in (Sasaki K, Teraoka Y. Equilibria in fuel cell gases II. The C-H-O ternary diagrams. J Electrochem Soc 2003b, 150: A885–A888). Allowing for CNTs in carbon deposition leads to significant lowering of the critical carbon content in the reformates in temperatures from 500°C upward with maximum shifting up the deposition boundary O/C values by about 17% and 28%, respectively, at 1 and 10 bar.

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Section: Published Models Of Deposition Equilibriummentioning

confidence: 91%

On thermodynamic equilibrium of carbon deposition from gaseous C-H-O mixtures: updating for nanotubes

Jaworski

Zakrzewska

Pianko‐Oprych

2017

Reviews in Chemical Engineering

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“…As Eqs. – are coupled, the Nernst's potential can be calculated considering only the hydrogen oxidation reaction :

true E_{N} = E_{0} - \frac{R_{m} T}{2 F} \ln [\frac{x_{H_{2} O, SOFC, out}}{x_{H_{2}, SOFC, out} x_{O_{2} SOFC, out}^{1 / 2}} {(\frac{p_{0}}{p})}^{1 / 2}]

…”

Section: Process Modeling and Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…, E 0 is the reversible electrochemical cell voltage, R m is the universal gas constant, T is the temperature and p 0 is the standard pressure. For the calculation of E N , the molar fractions of H 2 , CO and O 2 at the SOFC outlet were applied . The difference between the Nernst's potential and the occurring cell voltage of a fuel cell is due to irreversible losses, which are generally referred to as overpotential.…”

Section: Process Modeling and Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Simple SOFC concepts based on once‐through setups combining reforming and SOFC are already being applied for residential applications , . The utilization of anode off‐gas recirculation offers the potential to increase the efficiency of such systems considerably, an increase in electric efficiency by five to nine percentage points (pp) was reported in literature . Even higher efficiencies can be reached with concepts applying two‐stage conversion or via coupling of SOFC with gas turbines .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling of a Novel Atmospheric SOFC/GT Hybrid Process and Comparison with State‐of‐the‐Art SOFC System Concepts

et al. 2020

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A novel concept for an atmospheric solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) hybrid system applying a sub-atmospheric gas turbine is proposed. Based on a developed process model suitable operating conditions are studied. The resulting performance is compared to different state-of-the-art SOFC system concepts. The comparison shows that pressurized SOFC/GT systems offer the highest electric efficiency. The novel concept as well as a two-stage SOFC system offer lower efficiencies, but still well above 60%. However, avoiding the complex system requirements of pressurized SOFC/GT systems, these concepts are promising for highly efficient electricity generation.

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“…Nevertheless, the development of SOFC also faces lots of challenges. In order to promote commercialization, the work environment of the SOFC stack is transferred to system level , which creates greater demand for maintaining the stability of the stack. In terms of system, fault detection (FD) is very important to effectively prolong the life of the SOFC stack and keep its performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control‐oriented fault detection of solid oxide fuel cell system unknown input on fuel supply

Xue

et al. 2018

Asian Journal of Control

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As the solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) system work environment is a high-temperature environment for a long time, it is difficult to obtain the SOFC stack internal state change directly. When the fault occurs, it is difficult to determine where the fault occurs. Moreover, the existing literature ignores the impact of faults, which creates many problems for SOFC system control. Therefore, a state observer-based fault detection method, which is used to detect the input flow sensor fault and the fuel input fault, is proposed. Their advantage is that they do not need data processing. To realize the fault detection, the observer is used to track the changes of SOFC stack chamber temperature. To obtain the observer estimation parameter, an approach from the actual stack structure parameters is employed to approximate the observer parameters. The results show the proposed fault detect method can judge fuel input fault type quickly and shield the disturbances signals from the sensor effectively. The proposed method also can be used to other operating points or air input fault.

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SOFC System Design Using Ideal Efficiency Modeling – Model and Experimental Implementation

Cited by 13 publications

References 37 publications

On thermodynamic equilibrium of carbon deposition from gaseous C-H-O mixtures: updating for nanotubes

On thermodynamic equilibrium of carbon deposition from gaseous C-H-O mixtures: updating for nanotubes

Modeling of a Novel Atmospheric SOFC/GT Hybrid Process and Comparison with State‐of‐the‐Art SOFC System Concepts

Control‐oriented fault detection of solid oxide fuel cell system unknown input on fuel supply

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