The Influence of a Feed Additive Level of Virginiamycin on the Course of an Experimentally Induced Salmonella typhimurium Infection in Broilers

M, Abou-Youssef; Cuollo, C. J. Di; Free, S. M.; Scott, George C.

doi:10.3382/ps.0620030

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Some authors have used experimental Salmonella infection (Abou-Youssef et al, 1983;Smith & Tucker, 1975b), others have preferred naturally-infected chicks (Gustafson et al, 1982;Barrow et al, 1984;Hinton et al, 1986), but all of them have involved conventionally reared animals in different environmental conditions. However, there are many advantages in using gnotobiotic systems for the study of host-microbial flora interactions in the digestive tract, not least the reduction in the variability of the gut.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of four antibiotic additives on theSalmonellacontamination of chicks protected by an adult caecal flora

Humbert¹,

Lalande²,

L'Hospitalier³

et al. 1991

Avian Pathology

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SUMMARYAvoparcin (10 mg/kg feed), bacitracin (50 mg/kg), flavomycin (5 mg/kg) and virginiamycin (20 mg/kg) were tested for their synergy or antagonism on the protective effect of an adult caecal flora administered to 1-day-old chicks. The chicks were challenged experimentally per os with 10 4 to 10 5 Salmonella typhimurium (a rifampicin-resistant strain) when aged 2 days. Chicks receiving avoparcin continuously in the feed had significantly more Salmonella in their caeca than control birds given feed containing no antibiotics; those receiving flavomycin had similar numbers to the controls whereas the groups fed on a diet supplemented with bacitracin or virginiamycin exhibited the lowest level of Salmonella carriage.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of four antibiotic additives on theSalmonellacontamination of chicks protected by an adult caecal flora

Humbert¹,

Lalande²,

L'Hospitalier³

et al. 1991

Avian Pathology

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“…Growth promotion by antibiotics has been hypothesized to result from inhibition of deleterious intestinal microorganisms (Jukes, 1975), although feed additive levels of antibiotics have been found by some researchers to only minimally affect the shedding rate of Salmonella (Abou-Youssef et al, 1982). The growth-promoting effectiveness of kan, which perhaps was due to inhibition of drug-sensitive Salmonella, was thus lost when the EC resistance plasmid was introduced into the ST population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effects of Kanamycin Administration to Poultry on the Proliferation of Drug-Resistant Salmonella

Gast

Stephens

1988

Poultry Science

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Four experiments were conducted to examine the relationship between antibiotic administration to poultry and the in vivo proliferation of Salmonellae. The frequency of isolation of drug-resistant transconjugant S. arizonae from the livers of chicks inoculated per os with multiply drug-resistant Escherichia coli and drug-sensitive S. arizonae was directly related to the concentration of kanamycin administered to the chicks in their drinking water. Kanamycin administration was also associated with a significant (P less than .05) increase in the frequency of isolation of drug-resistant transconjugant S. typhimurium from the intestines and livers of poults inoculated with drug-sensitive S. typhimurium and multiply drug-resistant E. coli. Kanamycin administration significantly reduced the spread of drug-sensitive S. typhimurium to the livers of poults inoculated only with that strain. These experiments demonstrate that antibiotic administration to poultry can enhance the proliferation of drug-resistant Salmonella.

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“…Those tested for salmonella enhancement have included broad-spectrum antibiotics (Rantala, 1974 a; Jarolmen, Shirk & Langworth, 1976;Smith & Tucker, 1975a;Evangelisti et al 1975); narrow-spectrum gram-positive growth promoters (Smith & Tucker, 1975b, 1978Benazet & Cartier, 1980;Matthes, Leuchtenberger & Loliger, 1982; Gustafson, Beck & Kobland, 1982;Abou-Youssef & Di Cuollo, 1982); antiprotozoals (Smith & Tucker, 1975b, 1978 and organic acids (Matthes, Leuchtenberger & Loliger, 1981). The extensive variation in experimental protocols has yielded results leading to conflicting viewpoints on the effects of feed additives for salmonella enhancement in experimental models as well as the potential in large-scale broiler production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors influencing salmonella shedding in broiler chickens

Gustafson¹,

Kobland²

1984

J. Hyg.

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SUMMARYThree variables were included in a study to determine their effect on the incidence of Salmonella typhimurium in broilers challenged at four days of age. Variables included the presence or absence of a feed additive, avoparcin; the use of new or used litter and the initiating dose of salmonella. Cloacal swabs were taken from approximately 600 chicks at weekly intervals for 45 days. At 104, 106 and 108 c.f.u./chick there was a direct association of challenge dose and the incidence of positive chicks for the first several weeks. Chicks raised on used litter showed an appreciable reduction in susceptibility to salmonella when compared to control animals on fresh litter. As the birds approached slaughter age, the influence of litter hygiene and challenge dose diminished under the conditions of this study. Avoparcin in the diet at 10 p.p.m. had no enhancing effect on salmonella shedding at any time during the 45-day sampling period. The implications of competitive exclusion are discussed.

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The Influence of a Feed Additive Level of Virginiamycin on the Course of an Experimentally Induced Salmonella typhimurium Infection in Broilers

Cited by 6 publications

References 19 publications

Effect of four antibiotic additives on theSalmonellacontamination of chicks protected by an adult caecal flora

Effect of four antibiotic additives on theSalmonellacontamination of chicks protected by an adult caecal flora

Effects of Kanamycin Administration to Poultry on the Proliferation of Drug-Resistant Salmonella

Factors influencing salmonella shedding in broiler chickens

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