The Potential Role of Probiotics in Protection against Influenza a Virus Infection in Mice

Liu, Wenwei; Fang, Zhifeng; Liu, Xinyang; Li, Lingzhi; Zhang, Pinghu; Zhao, Jianxin; Zhang, Hao

doi:10.3390/foods10040902

Cited by 30 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Gut microbiome alterations, with the depletion of butyrate-producing bacteria, have been documented in SARS-CoV-2 infection, and in most patients with severe COVID-19 [ 14 , 15 , 16 ]. These data are not unexpected, since butyrate exerts a pivotal role in protecting the human body against infections and inflammation [ 21 , 36 , 37 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Butyrate Releaser Exerts a Protective Action against SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Human Intestine

et al. 2022

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Butyrate is a major gut microbiome metabolite that regulates several defense mechanisms against infectious diseases. Alterations in the gut microbiome, leading to reduced butyrate production, have been reported in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. A new butyrate releaser, useful for all the known applications of butyrate, presenting physiochemical characteristics suitable for easy oral administration, (N-(1-carbamoyl-2-phenyl-ethyl) butyramide (FBA), has been recently developed. We investigated the protective action of FBA against SARS-CoV-2 infection in the human small intestine and enterocytes. Relevant aspects of SARS-CoV-2 infection were assessed: infectivity, host functional receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2), transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2), neuropilin-1 (NRP1), pro-inflammatory cytokines expression, genes involved in the antiviral response and the activation of Nf-kB nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2-like) 2 (Nfr2) pathways. We found that FBA positively modulates the crucial aspects of the infection in small intestinal biopsies and human enterocytes, reducing the expression of ACE2, TMPRSS2 and NRP1, pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-15, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and TNF-α, and regulating several genes involved in antiviral pathways. FBA was also able to reduce the number of SARS-CoV-2-infected cells, and ACE2, TMPRSS2 and NRP1 expression. Lastly, through the inhibition of Nf-kB and the up-regulation of Nfr2, it was also able to reduce the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-15, MCP-1 and TNF-α in human enterocytes. The new butyrate releaser, FBA, exerts a preventive action against SARS-CoV-2 infection. It could be considered as an innovative strategy to limit COVID-19.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Butyrate Releaser Exerts a Protective Action against SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Human Intestine

et al. 2022

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“…Studies have shown that in the human intestine, Adlercreutzia species can convert resveratrol to dihydroresveratrol (Bode et al 2013 ). Influenza A virus-infected mice treated with Lactobacillus mucosae 1025 and Bifidobacterium pumilus CCFM1026, exhibited increases in the relative abundance of Adlercreutzia , Lactobacillus , and Bifidobacterium , and modulation of short-chain fatty acid metabolism, leading to enhanced production of butyrate (Lu et al 2021 ). We thus consider that the anti-inflammatory effect of BLa80 may be associated with changes in the gut microbiota.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bifidobacterium BLa80 mitigates colitis by altering gut microbiota and alleviating inflammation

Dong¹,

Liao

Tang

et al. 2022

AMB Expr

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This study was conducted to explore the therapeutic effect of the probiotic Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BLa80 on inflammatory bowel disease. A model of ulcerative colitis (UC) was induced in C57BL/6 mice by administering of 2.5% dextran sulphate sodium (DSS) for 8 days. After developing UC, some mice were treated via intragastric administration of BLa80 at a dose of 109 colony-forming units to assess the preventive effects of BLa80 on DSS-induced UC. Compared with non-treated UC model mice, BLa80-treated mice had reduced colon shortening and improvements in colonic tissue structure. Treatment with BLa80 also decreased the serum concentrations of the proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL) 6 and IL-17 in mice. 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that BLa80 increased gut microbial diversity in mice and modulated UC-associated imbalances in the gut microbiota. BLa80 selectively promoted the growth of beneficial bacteria, including Romboutsia and Adlercreutzia, the abundances of which were negatively correlated with concentration of cellular inflammatory factors. In summary, the study results demonstrated that pretreatment with B. lactis BLa80 reduced intestinal inflammation and altered the gut microbiota, implying that BLa80 is a promising probiotic strain with potential therapeutic function in UC.

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“…Probiotics have been reported to regulate butyrate metabolism resulting in an enhancement of host resistance to influenza virus infection. The correlation analysis revealed that the butyrate was negatively related to viral loading ( Lu et al., 2021 ). SCFAs produced by probiotics are also potential regulatory effectors of epithelial proliferation in the gut ( Wang et al., 2018 ).…”

Section: Probiotics Contribute To the Chemical Barrier To Exert Antiv...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiviral Effects and Underlying Mechanisms of Probiotics as Promising Antivirals

Wang

Moon

Huang

et al. 2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Probiotics exert a variety of beneficial effects, including maintaining homeostasis and the balance of intestinal microorganisms, activating the immune system, and regulating immune responses. Due to the beneficial effects of probiotics, a wide range of probiotics have been developed as probiotic agents for animal and human health. Viral diseases cause serious economic losses to the livestock every year and remain a great challenge for animals. Moreover, strategies for the prevention and control of viral diseases are limited. Viruses enter the host through the skin and mucosal surface, in which are colonized by hundreds of millions of microorganisms. The antiviral effects of probiotics have been proved, including modulation of chemical, microbial, physical, and immune barriers through various probiotics, probiotic metabolites, and host signaling pathways. It is of great significance yet far from enough to elucidate the antiviral mechanisms of probiotics. The major interest of this review is to discuss the antiviral effects and underlying mechanisms of probiotics and to provide targets for the development of novel antivirals.

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The Potential Role of Probiotics in Protection against Influenza a Virus Infection in Mice

Cited by 30 publications

References 46 publications

A New Butyrate Releaser Exerts a Protective Action against SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Human Intestine

A New Butyrate Releaser Exerts a Protective Action against SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Human Intestine

Bifidobacterium BLa80 mitigates colitis by altering gut microbiota and alleviating inflammation

Antiviral Effects and Underlying Mechanisms of Probiotics as Promising Antivirals

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